Nitric Oxide Linked to mGluR5 Upregulates BDNF Synthesis by Activating MMP2 in the Caudate and Putamen after Challenge Exposure to Nicotine in Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Challenge Nicotine Increased MMP2 Activity and BDNF Expression in the CPu of Rats
2.2. Blockade of mGluR5 Decreased the Challenge Nicotine-Induced Increases in MMP2 and BDNF Levels
2.3. Blockade of mGluR5 Decreased the Challenge Nicotine-Induced Increases in IP3, Phosphorylated (p)-nNOS and NO Levels
2.4. Blockade of IP3 Receptors Decreased the Challenge Nicotine-Induced Increase in the Levels of p-nNOS, NO, MMP2, and BDNF
2.5. Inhibition of nNOS Decreased the Challenge Nicotine-Induced Increase in the Levels of NO, MMP2 and BDNF
2.6. Inhibition of MMP2 Decreased the Challenge Nicotine-Induced Increase in the Level of BDNF
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Drugs
4.3. Surgery and Intra-CPu Drug Infusion
4.4. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
4.5. Double Immunofluorescence Staining
4.6. Western Immunoblotting
4.7. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kim, J.; Sohn, S.; Kim, S.; Choe, E.S. Nitric Oxide Linked to mGluR5 Upregulates BDNF Synthesis by Activating MMP2 in the Caudate and Putamen after Challenge Exposure to Nicotine in Rats. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 10950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810950
Kim J, Sohn S, Kim S, Choe ES. Nitric Oxide Linked to mGluR5 Upregulates BDNF Synthesis by Activating MMP2 in the Caudate and Putamen after Challenge Exposure to Nicotine in Rats. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(18):10950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810950
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Jieun, Sumin Sohn, Sunghyun Kim, and Eun Sang Choe. 2022. "Nitric Oxide Linked to mGluR5 Upregulates BDNF Synthesis by Activating MMP2 in the Caudate and Putamen after Challenge Exposure to Nicotine in Rats" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 18: 10950. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms231810950