Allicin and Capsaicin Ameliorated Hypercholesterolemia by Upregulating LDLR and Downregulating PCSK9 Expression in HepG2 Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Allicin and Capsaicin on the Viability of HepG2 Cells
2.2. Effects of Allicin and Capsaicin on LDLR and PCSK9 Expression and LDL Uptake in HepG2 Cells
2.3. Effects of Allicin and Capsaicin on SREBP2 and HNF1A Expression in HepG2 Cells, as Well as the Secreted PCSK9 Levels in Culture Media
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemicals
4.2. Cell Culture and Treatment
4.3. Cell Viability Assay
4.4. Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay
4.5. Flow Cytometric Analysis of Cell-Surface LDLR
4.6. BODIPY-LDL Uptake Assay
4.7. Reverse Transcription Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) Analysis
4.8. Western Blot Analysis
4.9. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Analysis
4.10. Statistical Analyses
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene Name | Primer Sequence |
---|---|
LDLR | FP: 5′-AGTTGGCTGCGTTAATGTGA-3′ |
RP: 5′-TGATGGGTTCATCTGACCAGT-3′ | |
PCSK9 | FP: 5′-GCTGAGCTGCTCCAGTTTCT-3′ |
RP: 5′-AATGGCGTAGACACCCTCAC-3′ | |
SREBP2 | FP: 5′-CTCTGACCAGCACCCACACT-3′ |
RP: 5′-CACACCATTTACCAGCCATAAG-3′ | |
HNF1α | FP: 5′ TGGCGCAGCAGTTCACCCAT 3′ |
RP: 5′ TGAAACGGTTCCTCCGCCCC 3′ | |
GAPDH | FP: 5′-CATGAGAAGTATGACAACAGCCT-3′ |
RP: 5′-AGTCCTTCCACGATACCAAAGT-3′ |
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Nawaka, N.; Wanmasae, S.; Makarasen, A.; Dechtrirat, D.; Techasakul, S.; Jeenduang, N. Allicin and Capsaicin Ameliorated Hypercholesterolemia by Upregulating LDLR and Downregulating PCSK9 Expression in HepG2 Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214299
Nawaka N, Wanmasae S, Makarasen A, Dechtrirat D, Techasakul S, Jeenduang N. Allicin and Capsaicin Ameliorated Hypercholesterolemia by Upregulating LDLR and Downregulating PCSK9 Expression in HepG2 Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(22):14299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214299
Chicago/Turabian StyleNawaka, Nantiya, Smith Wanmasae, Arthit Makarasen, Decha Dechtrirat, Supanna Techasakul, and Nutjaree Jeenduang. 2022. "Allicin and Capsaicin Ameliorated Hypercholesterolemia by Upregulating LDLR and Downregulating PCSK9 Expression in HepG2 Cells" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 22: 14299. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232214299