Crocin Protects the 661W Murine Photoreceptor Cell Line against the Toxic Effects of All-Trans-Retinal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Crocin Enhances Cell Viability and Alleviates Oxidative Stress in atRAL-Loaded 661W Cells
2.2. Crocin Mitigates Mitochondrial Damage in atRAL-Loaded 661W Cells
2.3. Crocin Protects 661W Cells from Apoptosis Induced by atRAL
2.4. Crocin Protects 661W Cells from Pyroptosis Induced by atRAL
2.5. Crocin Protects 661W Cells from Ferroptosis Induced by atRAL
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Reagents and Antibodies
4.2. Cell Culture
4.3. Cell Viability
4.4. Detection of ROS
4.5. Staining of Mitochondria
4.6. TUNEL Assay
4.7. LDH Assay
4.8. SYTOX Staining
4.9. Detection of Fe2+ Levels
4.10. Detection of Lipid Peroxidation
4.11. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.12. Western Blotting
4.13. Statistical Analyses
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yang, B.; Yang, K.; Chen, J.; Wu, Y. Crocin Protects the 661W Murine Photoreceptor Cell Line against the Toxic Effects of All-Trans-Retinal. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 10124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810124
Yang B, Yang K, Chen J, Wu Y. Crocin Protects the 661W Murine Photoreceptor Cell Line against the Toxic Effects of All-Trans-Retinal. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(18):10124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810124
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Bo, Kunhuan Yang, Jingmeng Chen, and Yalin Wu. 2024. "Crocin Protects the 661W Murine Photoreceptor Cell Line against the Toxic Effects of All-Trans-Retinal" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 18: 10124. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms251810124