Change of Ellipsoid Biovolume (EV) of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) along an Urban–Suburban–Rural Gradient of Central Slovakia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Computation of the Carabidae Ellipsoid Biovolume
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Geomorphological Unit | Study Area | C. a. | m a.s.l. | Landscape | Biotope | G.C. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stolické vrchy | 1 Lichovo | Utekáč | 556 | rural | meadow | 48°36′30″ N 19°48′35″ E |
2 Farkaška | Utekáč | 446 | rural | nitrophilous waterside vegetation | 48°36′34″ N 19°47′52″ E | |
Juhoslovenská kotlina basin | 3 Prievranka | Poltár | 272 | suburban | pasture | 48°25′49″ N 19°48′39″ E |
4 Pažiť | Poltár | 218 | suburban | nitrophilous waterside vegetation | 48°25′41″ N 19°46′35″ E | |
5 Zajačie brehy | Lučenec | 208 | urban | fallow field | 48°19′017″ N 19°39′05″ E | |
6 Ľadovo | Lučenec | 207 | urban | nitrophilous waterside vegetation | 48°20′12″ N 19°37′06″ E |
Species | F.A. | Study Localities | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
EV/N | EV/N | EV/N | EV/N | EV/N | EV/N | ||
Abax ovalis (Duftschmid, 1812) | B | 201/1 | 180/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 122/1 |
Abax parallelepipedus (Piller&Mitterpacher, 1783) | B | 22,062/56 | 36,089/87 | 358/1 | 10,203/30 | 0/0 | 16,424/54 |
Abax parallelus (Duftschmid, 1812) | B | 2921/20 | 9412/53 | 0/0 | 444/3 | 0/0 | 10,691/63 |
Agonum viduum (Panzer, 1797) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 35/1 |
Amara aenea (DeGeer, 1774) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 54/3 | 0/0 | 54/2 | 0/0 |
Amara aulica (Panzer, 1797) | M | 0/0 | 75/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 82/1 | 0/0 |
Amara erratica (Duftschmid, 1812) | M | 231/8 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Amara familiaris (Duftschmid, 1812) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 146/6 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 38/1 |
Amara saphyrea (Dejean, 1828) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 83/2 |
Amara similata (Gyllenhal,1810) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 39/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 38/1 |
Anchomenus dorsalis (Pontoppidan, 1763) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 39/3 | 11/1 | 23/2 | 129/10 |
Brachinus crepitans (Linnaeus, 1758) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 61/6 | 13/1 | 39/2 | 0/0 |
Brachinus explodens (Duftschmid, 1812) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 7/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Calathus fuscipes (Goeze, 1777) | M | 588/7 | 0/0 | 970/12 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Calathus melanocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758) | B | 0/0 | 0/0 | 35/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Callistus lunatus (Fabricius, 1775) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 61/3 | 0/0 |
Carabus cancellatus (Illiger, 1798) | A | 18,136/28 | 21,114/36 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Carabus convexus (Fabricius, 1775) | A | 1158/4 | 2638/9 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Carabus coriaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) | A | 0/0 | 71,076/26 | 0/0 | 1962/2 | 0/0 | 3546/2 |
Carabus glabratus (Paykull, 1790) | A | 5932/6 | 10,291/10 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1029/1 | 0/0 |
Carabus granulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) | B | 324/1 | 11,150/29 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 3507/9 |
Carabus hortensis (Linnaeus, 1758) | A | 1629/2 | 16,718/20 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1654/2 |
Carabus intricatus (Linnaeus, 1761) | A | 0/0 | 3601/4 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 6055/6 |
Carabus nemoralis (O.F. Müller, 1764) | A | 21,450/36 | 2128/4 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 641/1 | 0/0 |
Carabus scheidleri (Panzer, 1799) | A | 66,284/57 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 2558/3 | 17,9812/205 | 943/1 |
Carabus ullrichi (Germar, 1824) | A | 7885/5 | 40,111/39 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 43,632/41 | 0/0 |
Carabus violaceus (Linnaeus, 1758) | A | 140,249/134 | 8854/8 | 1618/2 | 0/0 | 46,841/58 | 7030/9 |
Cylindera germanica (Linnaeus, 1758) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 399/9 | 0/0 | 737/17 | 0/0 |
Cychrus caraboides (Linnaeus, 1758) | A | 0/0 | 317/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Cymindis humeralis (Fourcroy, 1785) | B | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 19/1 | 39/2 |
Drypta dentata (Rossi, 1790) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 95/3 | 0/0 | 68/3 | 0/0 |
Elaphrus aureus (P. Müller, 1821) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 57/3 | 0/0 | 95/5 |
Harpalus affinis (Schrank, 1781) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 17,051/350 | 0/0 | 412/10 | 0/0 |
Harpalus froelichi (Sturm, 1818) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 374/7 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Harpalus rubripes (Duftschmid, 1812) | M | 1072/25 | 0/0 | 237/5 | 114/3 | 551/15 | 0/0 |
Lebia chlorocephala (Hoffm. a kol., 1803) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 55/3 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Leistus rufomarginatus (Duftschmid, 1812) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 186/6 |
Molops piceus (Panzer, 1793) | B | 736/9 | 268/3 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Nebria brevicollis (Fabricius, 1792) | M | 426/5 | 216/3 | 0/0 | 1439/17 | 32/1 | 8838/101 |
Notiophilus biguttatus (Fabricius, 1799) | B | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 7/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Ophonus azureus (Fabricius, 1775) | B | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 67/3 | 0/0 |
Ophonus nitidulus (Stephens, 1828) | M | 0/0 | 100/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Platynus assimilis (Paykull, 1790) | M | 0/0 | 630/9 | 0/0 | 4332/74 | 0/0 | 7185/116 |
Poecilus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) | M | 835/11 | 69/1 | 3161/36 | 0/0 | 7593/36 | 0/0 |
Poecilus versicolor (Sturm, 1824) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 125/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Pseudoophonus rufipes (DeGeer, 1774) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 7533/58 | 4235/34 | 5025/39 | 577/4 |
Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798) | B | 0/0 | 3102/17 | 0/0 | 2172/13 | 399/2 | 746/4 |
Pterostichus melas (Creutzer, 1799) | B | 159/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Pterostichus niger (Schaller, 1783) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 2812/11 | 965/3 | 4098/15 |
Pterostichus nigrita (Paykull, 1790) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 198/2 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
Pterostichus oblongopunctatus (Fabricius, 1787) | M | 0/0 | 615/9 | 0/0 | 486/7 | 954/13 | 103/1 |
Zabrus tenebrioides (Goeze, 1777) | M | 0/0 | 0/0 | 187/1 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 |
∑ EV(mm3)/N/ | - | 292,278/416/702.59 | 238,754/372/641.81 | 36,251/503/72.07 | 31,423/213/147.53 | 289,037/459/629.71 | 72,162/416/173.47 |
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Langraf, V.; David, S.; Babosová, R.; Petrovičová, K.; Schlarmannová, J. Change of Ellipsoid Biovolume (EV) of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) along an Urban–Suburban–Rural Gradient of Central Slovakia. Diversity 2020, 12, 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12120475
Langraf V, David S, Babosová R, Petrovičová K, Schlarmannová J. Change of Ellipsoid Biovolume (EV) of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) along an Urban–Suburban–Rural Gradient of Central Slovakia. Diversity. 2020; 12(12):475. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12120475
Chicago/Turabian StyleLangraf, Vladimír, Stanislav David, Ramona Babosová, Kornélia Petrovičová, and Janka Schlarmannová. 2020. "Change of Ellipsoid Biovolume (EV) of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) along an Urban–Suburban–Rural Gradient of Central Slovakia" Diversity 12, no. 12: 475. https://doi.org/10.3390/d12120475