Associations Between Sub-Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Exposure to Residential Indoor Air Pollutants in Healthy Adults in Perth, Western Australia: A Study Protocol
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Location and Population
- Non-smokers living in a non-smoking household.
- Aged between 35 and 69 years.
- A history of cardiovascular events or medical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
- Medically diagnosed diabetes.
- Use of anti-hypertensive or lipid modifying medications.
- Lack of written consent.
2.3. Data Collection
- Stage 1: In-home equipment installation—the measurement of domestic indoor air quality in participants home and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP)/hemodynamic indices over a concurrent 24 h period. Participants were also requested to complete questionnaires related to health and domestic environment and to complete a 24 h time/activity diary during the 24 h IAQ/BP monitoring period.
- Stage 2: Clinic-based health assessment—data relating to baseline health characteristics, cardiometabolic biomarkers and measures, and pulse wave analysis were collected.
2.4. In-Home Assessment
2.4.1. Measurement of Air Quality and Instrumentation
2.4.2. Measurement of Ambulatory BP and Hemodynamic Indices
2.4.3. Questionnaires and Time-Activity Diary
2.5. Clinic Assessment
Pulse Wave Analysis and Pulse Wave Velocity
2.6. Data Management
2.7. Statistical Analysis
2.7.1. Sample Size and Effect
2.7.2. Data Analysis
2.8. Ethics and Consents
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gilbey, S.E.; Reid, C.M.; Huxley, R.R.; Soares, M.J.; Zhao, Y.; Rumchev, K. Associations Between Sub-Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Exposure to Residential Indoor Air Pollutants in Healthy Adults in Perth, Western Australia: A Study Protocol. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 3548. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193548
Gilbey SE, Reid CM, Huxley RR, Soares MJ, Zhao Y, Rumchev K. Associations Between Sub-Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Exposure to Residential Indoor Air Pollutants in Healthy Adults in Perth, Western Australia: A Study Protocol. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(19):3548. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193548
Chicago/Turabian StyleGilbey, Suzanne E., Christopher M. Reid, Rachel R. Huxley, Mario J. Soares, Yun Zhao, and Krassi Rumchev. 2019. "Associations Between Sub-Clinical Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk and Exposure to Residential Indoor Air Pollutants in Healthy Adults in Perth, Western Australia: A Study Protocol" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 19: 3548. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193548