Differential Effect of Growth on Development between AGA and SGA Preterm Infants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Data Collection
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SGA 1 (n = 29) | AGA 2 (n = 93) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) or n (%) | Mean (SD) or n (%) | ||
Gestational age, weeks day/7 | 30 4/7 (2 6/7) | 28 1/7 (2 2/7) | <0.001 |
<26 | 3 (10.3) | 14 (15.1) | <0.001 |
26–28 | 5 (17.2) | 45 (48.4) | |
29–31 | 9 (31.0) | 31 (33.3) | |
≥32 | 12 (41.4) | 3 (3.2) | |
Primiparous | 20 (69.0) | 69 (74.2) | 0.580 |
Caesarean section | 24 (82.8) | 51 (54.8) | 0.007 |
Multiple birth | 12 (41.4) | 51 (54.8) | 0.205 |
Female | 15 (51.7) | 46 (49.5) | 0.832 |
Birthweight, g | 892.7 (271.6) | 1053.2 (296.5) | 0.010 |
Length, cm | 34.1 (3.5) | 36.0 (3.5) | 0.014 |
Head circumference, cm | 24.9 (2.4) | 25.4 (2.5) | 0.404 |
Maternal chorioamnionitis | 3 (10.3) | 14 (15.1) | 0.523 |
Respiratory distress syndrome | 10 (34.5) | 49 (52.7) | 0.087 |
Patent ductus arteriosus treatment | |||
Medication | 10 (34.5) | 46 (49.5) | 0.050 |
Operation | 1 (3.5) | 12 (12.9) | |
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia | |||
Mild | 7 (24.1) | 30 (32.6) | 0.100 |
Moderate | 6 (20.7) | 29 (31.5) | |
Severe | 1 (3.5) | 8 (8.7) | |
Intraventricular hemorrhage ≥ Grade III | 1 (3.5) | 4 (4.3) | 0.840 |
Periventricular leukomalacia | 1 (3.5) | 3 (3.2) | 0.953 |
Necrotizing enterocolitis ≥ Stage 2 | 4 (13.8) | 10 (10.8) | 0.654 |
Sepsis | 2 (9.5) | 16 (20.3) | 0.255 |
Retinopathy of prematurity operation | 4 (19.1) | 34 (43.0) | 0.044 |
Extrauterine growth retardation | 12 (41.4) | 54 (58.1) | 0.115 |
Cognition score | |||
Mean (SD) | 97.4 (10.8) | 99.3 (13.3) | 0.488 |
<85 | 2 (6.9) | 7 (8.5) | 0.910 |
Language score | |||
Mean (SD) | 90.6 (11.9) | 97.0 (15.5) | 0.043 |
<85 | 9 (31.0) | 21 (22.6) | 0.356 |
Motor score | |||
Mean (SD) | 97.1 (9.1) | 96.8 (11.8) | 0.905 |
<85 | 2 (6.9) | 12 (12.9) | 0.376 |
Growth Indicators | Time | Cognition | Language | Motor | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGA (n = 29) 1 | AGA (n = 93) 2 | SGA | AGA | SGA | AGA | ||||||||
ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ||
Weight | Birth | 12.78 | 0.048 | 3.61 | 0.091 | 13.19 | 0.059 | 4.79 | 0.057 | 6.16 | 0.232 | 4.15 | 0.018 |
35 weeks | 11.61 | 0.214 | 3.99 | 0.157 | 12.75 | 0.234 | 9.19 | 0.004 | 6.32 | 0.407 | 2.15 | 0.348 | |
4 months CA 3 | 2.04 | 0.402 | 1.01 | 0.453 | 4.00 | 0.141 | 1.53 | 0.329 | 0.56 | 0.777 | 2.08 | 0.053 | |
18 months CA | 2.92 | 0.209 | 0.30 | 0.841 | 3.15 | 0.236 | −0.48 | 0.780 | 1.78 | 0.347 | 2.70 | 0.022 | |
Length | Birth | 2.91 | 0.522 | −1.94 | 0.356 | −1.60 | 0.759 | −0.64 | 0.793 | 1.19 | 0.747 | −1.62 | 0.339 |
35 weeks | 1.99 | 0.772 | −2.63 | 0.292 | −0.47 | 0.953 | 1.93 | 0.507 | −0.88 | 0.874 | 0.51 | 0.803 | |
4 months CA | 0.90 | 0.706 | −0.23 | 0.821 | 3.52 | 0.183 | −0.85 | 0.478 | 0.00 | 0.999 | 0.42 | 0.609 | |
18 months CA | 2.08 | 0.304 | −0.23 | 0.867 | 1.53 | 0.511 | −0.60 | 0.706 | 0.76 | 0.646 | 1.69 | 0.124 | |
Head Circumference | Birth | −4.27 | 0.458 | 0.36 | 0.822 | −4.41 | 0.504 | 3.75 | 0.040 | −5.27 | 0.249 | −0.62 | 0.628 |
35 weeks | 4.29 | 0.586 | 1.81 | 0.328 | 0.71 | 0.938 | 3.49 | 0.104 | 2.59 | 0.683 | 1.70 | 0.255 | |
4 months CA | 0.91 | 0.739 | 2.71 | 0.012 | 1.20 | 0.702 | 2.26 | 0.076 | −0.77 | 0.727 | 2.38 | 0.006 | |
18 months CA | 4.57 | 0.207 | 3.55 | 0.003 | 4.42 | 0.290 | 3.08 | 0.030 | 1.41 | 0.637 | 2.60 | 0.008 |
Growth Indicators | Time Period | Cognition | Language | Motor | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SGA (n = 29) 1 | AGA (n = 93) 2 | SGA | AGA | SGA | AGA | ||||||||
ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ß | p | ||
Weight | Birth to 18 months CA 3 | 2.53 | 0.309 | −0.23 | 0.878 | 2.06 | 0.474 | −0.69 | 0.685 | 1.62 | 0.421 | 2.40 | 0.040 |
Birth to 35 weeks | 0.68 | 0.942 | 2.68 | 0.407 | −8.12 | 0.438 | 10.90 | 0.003 | 0.81 | 0.914 | 1.68 | 0.520 | |
35 weeks to 4 months CA | 1.29 | 0.602 | 0.11 | 0.934 | 3.20 | 0.249 | −0.57 | 0.723 | 0.14 | 0.942 | 1.66 | 0.132 | |
4 months CA to 18 months CA | 0.99 | 0.674 | −1.42 | 0.438 | −0.59 | 0.829 | −3.58 | 0.092 | 1.23 | 0.514 | 0.27 | 0.855 | |
Length | Birth to 18 months CA | 1.43 | 0.475 | 0.51 | 0.688 | 1.78 | 0.435 | −0.28 | 0.849 | 0.50 | 0.759 | 2.04 | 0.044 |
Birth to 35 weeks | −2.56 | 0.617 | 0.06 | 0.973 | 1.76 | 0.764 | 1.51 | 0.477 | −1.99 | 0.629 | 1.49 | 0.312 | |
35 weeks to 4 months CA | 0.65 | 0.784 | 0.21 | 0.838 | 3.50 | 0.181 | −1.16 | 0.329 | 0.11 | 0955 | 0.33 | 0.685 | |
4 months CA to 18 months CA | 3.14 | 0.298 | 0.16 | 0.901 | −2.42 | 0.486 | 0.78 | 0.599 | 1.69 | 0.492 | 0.81 | 0.431 | |
Head Circumference | Birth to 18 months CA | 5.35 | 0.102 | 2.20 | 0.027 | 5.27 | 0.164 | 0.53 | 0.653 | 3.02 | 0.263 | 1.97 | 0.040 |
Birth to 35 weeks | 6.56 | 0.247 | 0.72 | 0.598 | 4.77 | 0.468 | −0.89 | 0.579 | 6.63 | 0.140 | 1.39 | 0.207 | |
35 weeks to 4 months CA | 0.38 | 0.887 | 2.62 | 0.032 | 1.08 | 0.727 | 1.30 | 0.367 | −1.04 | 0.629 | 2.26 | 0.022 | |
4 months CA to 18 months CA | 1.61 | 0.561 | 0.27 | 0.885 | 1.23 | 0.698 | 0.50 | 0.817 | 1.57 | 0.479 | −0.92 | 0.540 |
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Song, I.G.; Kim, E.-K.; Cho, H.; Shin, S.H.; Sohn, J.A.; Kim, H.-S. Differential Effect of Growth on Development between AGA and SGA Preterm Infants. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093022
Song IG, Kim E-K, Cho H, Shin SH, Sohn JA, Kim H-S. Differential Effect of Growth on Development between AGA and SGA Preterm Infants. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(9):3022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093022
Chicago/Turabian StyleSong, In Gyu, Ee-Kyung Kim, Hannah Cho, Seung Han Shin, Jin A. Sohn, and Han-Suk Kim. 2020. "Differential Effect of Growth on Development between AGA and SGA Preterm Infants" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 9: 3022. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17093022