Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Taiwanese Elderly Population
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | All Participants | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | p | |
Uric Acid (mg/dL) | <4.7 | 4.7–5.6 | 5.7–6.5 | ≥6.6 | |
Age (years, %) | |||||
60–69 | 401 (77.7) | 465 (77.6) | 435 (77.7) | 425 (73.9) | <0.05 |
70–79 | 107 (20.7) | 127 (21.2) | 106 (18.9) | 127 (22.1) | <0.05 |
≥80 | 8 (1.6) | 7 (1.2) | 19 (3.4) | 23 (4) | <0.05 |
Sex (n, %) | |||||
Men | 138 (26.7) | 266 (44.4) | 339 (60.5) | 420 (73.0) | <0.001 |
Women | 378 (73.3) | 333 (55.6) | 221 (39.5) | 155 (27.0) | <0.001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2, %) | |||||
<24 | 353 (68.4) | 343 (57.3) | 249 (44.5) | 211 (36.8) | <0.001 |
24–26.9 | 115 (22.3) | 166 (27.7) | 200 (35.7) | 211 (36.8) | <0.001 |
≥27 | 48 (9.3) | 90 (15) | 111 (19.8) | 152 (26.5) | <0.001 |
Comorbidities (n, %) | |||||
Hypertension | 145 (28.2) | 210 (35.3) | 195 (34.8) | 219 (38.2) | <0.05 |
Diabetes mellitus | 81 (24.5) | 92 (24.5) | 105 (29.7) | 105 (28.5) | 0.26 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 317 (61.7) | 416 (70) | 372 (66.7) | 427 (75) | <0.001 |
Thyroid disease | 74 (14.5) | 72 (12.1) | 57 (10.3) | 79 (13.9) | 0.14 |
Chronic Kidney disease | 11 (2.1) | 24 (4) | 31 (5.5) | 102 (17.7) | <0.001 |
Bone Mineral Density (gm/cm2, SD) | |||||
Lumbar | 1.02 (0.18) | 1.06 (0.2) | 1.11 (0.2) | 1.15 (0.2) | |
Left hip | 0.79 (0.13) | 0.81 (0.13) | 0.83 (0.14) | 0.86 (0.16) | |
T score (SD) | |||||
Lumbar | −0.78 (1.47) | −0.45 (1.58) | −0.12 (1.61) | 0.2 (1.63) | |
Left hip | −1.18 (0.9) | −1.04 (0.99) | −1 (1.04) | −0.75 (1.16) | |
Osteoporosis (n, %) | 74 (14.5) | 72 (12.1) | 57 (10.3) | 79 (13.9) | 0.15 |
Osteopenia (n, %) | 310 (71.1) | 323 (64.3) | 273 (58.3) | 232 (42.2) | <0.001 |
Serum Uric Acid Categories (mg/dL) | Q1 <4.7 | Q2 4.7–5.6 | Q3 5.7–6.5 | Q4 ≥6.6 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude OR (95% CI), p value | 1 | 0.73 (0.56–0.97), <0.05 | 0.57 (0.43–0.75), <0.001 | 0.38 (0.29–0.50), <0.001 |
Model 1 OR (95% CI), p value | 1 | 0.84 (0.63–1.12), 0.23 | 0.76 (0.57–1.02), 0.06 | 0.54 (0.41–0.73), <0.001 |
Model 2 OR (95% CI), p value | 1 | 0.91 (0.68–1.22), 0.54 | 0.89 (0.66–1.20), 0.44 | 0.68 (0.50–0.92), <0.05 |
β | p-Value | |
---|---|---|
Serum uric acid (mg/dL) | ||
Lumbar BMD (g/cm2) | 0.011 | <0.05 |
Hip BMD (g/cm2) | 0.005 | <0.05 |
Serum Uric Acid Categories (mg/dL) | <6.6 | 6.6–7.5 | 7.6–8.5 | ≥8.6 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Crude odds ratios (95% CI) p value | 1 | 0.55 (0.43–0.70) <0.001 | 0.46 (0.30–0.69) <0.001 | 0.44 (0.26–0.74) <0.001 |
Model 1 odds ratios (95% CI) p value | 1 | 0.69 (0.54–0.89), <0.05 | 0.55 (0.36–0.84), <0.05 | 0.56 (0.32–0.96), <0.05 |
Model 2 odds ratios (95% CI) p value | 1 | 0.78 (0.60–1.01), 0.06 | 0.62 (0.40–0.97), <0.05 | 0.67 (0.38–1.17), 0.16 |
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Chung, P.-T.; Ma, H.-C.; Huang, S.-Y.; Lien, H.-N.; Ho, K.-H.; Hsu, H.-Y.; Hwang, L.-C.; Tsou, M.-T.; Lin, H.-H.; Chan, H.-L. Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Taiwanese Elderly Population. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20, 3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043448
Chung P-T, Ma H-C, Huang S-Y, Lien H-N, Ho K-H, Hsu H-Y, Hwang L-C, Tsou M-T, Lin H-H, Chan H-L. Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Taiwanese Elderly Population. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023; 20(4):3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043448
Chicago/Turabian StyleChung, Pei-Ting, Hsiao-Chi Ma, Sin-Yi Huang, Hsin-Ning Lien, Kuan-Hsun Ho, Hsin-Yin Hsu, Lee-Ching Hwang, Meng-Ting Tsou, Hsin-Hui Lin, and Hsin-Lung Chan. 2023. "Association between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Bone Mineral Density in Taiwanese Elderly Population" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 4: 3448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043448