Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Chinese Inter-Provincial Industrial Chemical Oxygen Demand Discharge
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Sources
2.2. Analytic Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Evolution and Spatial Distribution of Industrial COD Discharge
3.2. Global Spatial Autocorrelation
3.3. Local Spatial Autocorrelation
3.4. Reasons for Spatial Pattern of Industrial COD Discharge
4. Conclusions
- (1) In the last 15 years, the amount and intensity of industrial COD discharge are on a decrease, and the tendency is more remarkable for industrial COD discharge intensity. There are large differences between inter-provincial industrial COD discharge amounts and intensity, with different spatial differentiation features.
- (2) Industrial COD discharge amount and intensity do not show strong spatial autocorrelation, but demonstrate agglomeration or convergence patterns in some certain years. Their Global Moran’s I is generally on the decrease. As displayed in space, there is also an evolution from an agglomeration pattern to a discretization pattern, but at different economic development stages, these two indexes have different Global Moran's I values and spatial distribution patterns; compared with industrial COD discharge amount, industrial COD discharge intensity has a weak spatial autocorrelation and it does not show any obvious spatial discretization or agglomeration patterns.
- (3) Local spatial autocorrelation analysis shows that High-High areas of industrial COD discharge amount show small changes, and are mainly located in Shandong Province; High-Low areas have always been stable in Sichuan Province; Low-High and Low-Low areas vary largely, without specific regularity. The agglomeration area of industrial COD discharge intensity varies greatly in space with time, and High-High areas concentrate in the southwest in China, become smaller with time and disappeared during the “11th Five-Year” period; Low-Low areas mainly concentrate in Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces in the eastern coastal regions, and there is no regularity for High-Low and Low-High areas.
- (4) Stringent environmental regulations and increased funding for environmental protections are the crucial factors to cut down industrial COD discharge amounts and intensity. Spatial patterns of industrial COD discharge are determined by the regional differences in economic development, industrial scale, industrial patterns, industrial technology and environmental protection policies.
Acknowledgments
References
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Zhao, X.; Huang, X.; Liu, Y. Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Chinese Inter-Provincial Industrial Chemical Oxygen Demand Discharge. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2012, 9, 2031-2044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9062031
Zhao X, Huang X, Liu Y. Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Chinese Inter-Provincial Industrial Chemical Oxygen Demand Discharge. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2012; 9(6):2031-2044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9062031
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Xiaofeng, Xianjin Huang, and Yibo Liu. 2012. "Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis of Chinese Inter-Provincial Industrial Chemical Oxygen Demand Discharge" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 9, no. 6: 2031-2044. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph9062031