Proof of Concept of an Irradiance Estimation System for Reconfigurable Photovoltaic Arrays
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Photovoltaic Mathematical Model
- IL is the light-generated current,
- I0 the diode reverse saturation current,
- Rs and Rsh respectively the cell series and shunt resistance,
- Ns the number of cells series-connected,
- A the ideality factor,
- Vt is the thermal voltage which can be calculated as kTc/q, where k is the Boltzmann’s constant, q the electron charge and Tc the temperature of cell.
3. Irradiance Estimation System—IrradEst
3.1. Conditioning Circuit
3.2. Measuring Switches
3.3. Microcontroller
4. Experimental Tests and Results
4.1. Description of the Experimental Setup and Procedures
4.2. Test Explanation
Solar module | Kyocera 175GHT2 |
---|---|
Pyranometer-Data Logger | Kipp and Zonen CMP 3 |
Ambient Temperature | Delta Ohm TP 472 PT 100 |
Cell Temperature | Delta Ohm TP 878.1 PT 100 |
Temperature Data Logger | Delta Ohm DO9847 |
Multimeter | Fluke 89 IV |
Potentiometer | 0–10 Ω, supporting currents up to 10A |
- (1)
- K1 and K2 switches were closed in order to set the PV module in short-circuit and current Isc was acquired;
- (2)
- K1 switch was opened so that the load is not bypassed and the under-load voltage VL, current IL and cell temperature Ti were measured;
- (3)
- K1 and K2 switches were opened so that load was disconnected and open-circuit voltage Voc was sensed.
- (4)
- The estimated radiations were calculated:
- (a)
- GIsc calculated by Equation (8) using Isc and Ti;
- (b)
- Gload calculated by Equation (6) using VL, IL and Ti;
- (c)
- GVoc calculated by Equation (7) using Voc and Ti;
- (5)
- The acquired data and the estimated irradiances were sent to the host PC. New data was provided every 15 s (the acquisition period can be adjusted).
4.3. Analysis of the Experimental Results
Methods | % | ||
---|---|---|---|
Short-circuit | 48 | 58 | 6.4 |
Load | 55 | 64 | 6.8 |
Open-circuit | 87 | 8 | 11.3 |
Variable | Gisc | Gvoc | GLoad |
---|---|---|---|
V | - | 17 | 0.06 |
I | 1.04 | - | 0.98 |
T | 0.5 | 22 | 0.045 |
4.4. Application to Reconfigurable PV Arrays
5. Conclusions
Further Developments
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vigni, V.L.; Manna, D.L.; Sanseverino, E.R.; Di Dio, V.; Romano, P.; Di Buono, P.; Pinto, M.; Miceli, R.; Giaconia, C. Proof of Concept of an Irradiance Estimation System for Reconfigurable Photovoltaic Arrays. Energies 2015, 8, 6641-6657. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8076641
Vigni VL, Manna DL, Sanseverino ER, Di Dio V, Romano P, Di Buono P, Pinto M, Miceli R, Giaconia C. Proof of Concept of an Irradiance Estimation System for Reconfigurable Photovoltaic Arrays. Energies. 2015; 8(7):6641-6657. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8076641
Chicago/Turabian StyleVigni, Vincenzo Li, Damiano La Manna, Eleonora Riva Sanseverino, Vincenzo Di Dio, Pietro Romano, Pietro Di Buono, Maurizio Pinto, Rosario Miceli, and Costantino Giaconia. 2015. "Proof of Concept of an Irradiance Estimation System for Reconfigurable Photovoltaic Arrays" Energies 8, no. 7: 6641-6657. https://doi.org/10.3390/en8076641