Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Ex-Vivo Bovine Liver from Room Temperature down to −60 °C
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of the Sample and Experimental Assembly
2.2. Determination of the Water Content
2.3. Estimated Trend of Density Versus Temperature
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Evaluation of the Water Content
3.2. Tests Performed Using the Hot Disk® Apparatus
3.3. Liver Density Dependence on Temperature
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CTC | Climatic test chamber |
c | Specific heat (kJ/kg K) |
M | Sample mass (mg) |
MD | Dehydrated sample mass (mg) |
M0 | Sample initial mass (mg) |
T | Temperature (K) |
T0 | Reference temperature (K) |
t | Time (s) |
t0 | Characteristic time (s) |
xD | Dehydrated mass fraction (-) |
xW | Water fraction (-) |
Greek symbols | |
Ψ | Dimensionless mass loss (-) |
ρ | Density (kg/m3) |
Subscripts | |
D | Dehydrated |
W | Water |
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Sample | M0 (mg) | (mg) | (-) |
---|---|---|---|
1.a | 2660.9 | 921.2 | 0.654 |
1.b | 92.7 | 32.1 | 0.654 |
1.c | 37.9 | 13.2 | 0.652 |
2 | 998.1 | 321.4 | 0.678 |
3 | 40.4 | 11.6 | 0.713 |
Thermal Properties | Coefficients |
---|---|
Conductivity , W/(m K) | |
Diffusivity , mm2/s | |
Volumetric specific heat , MJ/(m3 K) |
Sample | T (°C) | Wa (mg) | Ww (mg) | ρ(T) (kg m−3) | ρD (kg m−3) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 22.5 | 1425.8 | 1291.1 | 1112 | 1420 |
2 | 24 | 1846.9 | 1689.9 | 1101 | 1408 |
3 | 24 | 2021.1 | 1857.6 | 1096 | 1452 |
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Campagnoli, E.; Giaretto, V. Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Ex-Vivo Bovine Liver from Room Temperature down to −60 °C. Materials 2021, 14, 3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133750
Campagnoli E, Giaretto V. Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Ex-Vivo Bovine Liver from Room Temperature down to −60 °C. Materials. 2021; 14(13):3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133750
Chicago/Turabian StyleCampagnoli, Elena, and Valter Giaretto. 2021. "Experimental Investigation on Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity of Ex-Vivo Bovine Liver from Room Temperature down to −60 °C" Materials 14, no. 13: 3750. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14133750