Physicochemical, Mineralogical, and Mechanical Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Mixture Design
2.3. Preparation of Test Specimens and Test Set-Up
2.4. Testing and Heating Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microscopic Assessment of CACC at High Temperatures
3.1.1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
3.1.2. FE-SEM and EDS Analysis
3.1.3. Thermogravimetric Analysis
3.2. Effect of Curing Regimes on the Mechanical Properties of CACC
3.2.1. Compressive Strength
3.2.2. Splitting Tensile Strength
3.2.3. Elastic Modulus
3.2.4. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity of Test Specimens
3.2.5. Comparison between Mechanical Properties
4. Conclusions
- Weight loss is a measure that can determine the governing process under high temperature ranges. Below 200 °C, the weight loss is merely due to the evaporation of the capillary water, which is a physical process. At 200–400 °C, weight loss is due to the gradual evaporation of the chemical water, and the concrete experiences a chemical–physical process. For temperatures above 400 °C, the weight loss is mainly due to the evaporation of the chemically bound water and decomposition of the compounds, which are chemical processes.
- Based on the results of the XRD and EDS tests, as the temperature increases, the structure of is dehydrated, and in return, the alumina () and monocalcium dialuminate () structures are crystallized. The SEM images show that the structure of nanoparticles at the ambient temperature was converted from an almost compact state to a granular structure as the diameter of particles, voids, and porosity increased. In this regard, the highest particle size was observed at 600 °C, which led to higher ductility and lower strength.
- The mechanical properties of the concrete specimens (compressive, tensile, and elastic modulus) degraded with the increase in temperature. At 25–200 °C, due to the evaporation of capillary and gel waters, the reduction in the mechanical properties was significant. However, at 200–400 °C, the variation in the properties was not significant. At 400–600 °C, a severe reduction was seen in the mechanical properties, due to the conversion of hydrogarnet and increase in porosity.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5.25 | 38.22 | 13.87 | 0.97 | 37.49 | 0.089 | 0.311 | 0.072 | 0.078 | 1.04 | 2900 | 2.98 | Present study |
4.98 | 38.23 | 15.4 | 0.71 | 37.53 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.23 | - | 0.02 | - | 2.94 | Adams et al. [20] |
3.75 | 39.5 | 16 | 1.5 | 38 | - | 0.2 | 0.21 | - | - | 3150 | 3.25 | Vafaei et al. [21] |
Cement () | Water () | Coarse Aggregate () | Fine Aggregate () | Super Plasticizer () | Slump (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
450 | 180 | 840 | 905 | 0.378 | 100 |
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Abolhasani, A.; Samali, B.; Aslani, F. Physicochemical, Mineralogical, and Mechanical Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures. Materials 2021, 14, 3855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143855
Abolhasani A, Samali B, Aslani F. Physicochemical, Mineralogical, and Mechanical Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures. Materials. 2021; 14(14):3855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143855
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbolhasani, Amirmohamad, Bijan Samali, and Fatemeh Aslani. 2021. "Physicochemical, Mineralogical, and Mechanical Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures" Materials 14, no. 14: 3855. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14143855