An Adaptive Offset Tracking Method with SAR Images for Landslide Displacement Monitoring
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methodology
2.1. The Traditional NCC Tracking Method
2.2. The Proposed Adaptive Normalized Cross Correlation (ANCC) Method
- (1)
- Making a rough co-registration for master and slave SAR images;
- (2)
- Calculating initial azimuth and range offsets between master and slave SAR images using the traditional NCC method;
- (3)
- Thresholding the azimuth and range offsets and generating two corresponding mask images;
- (4)
- Estimating azimuth and range offsets by using an adaptive window guided by the mask images;
- (5)
- Fitting the orbit offsets function with the pixels from stable areas determined by the above mask results;
- (6)
- Subtracting the fitted orbit offsets and generating azimuth and range displacements by multiplying the corresponding pixel spacing.
3. Study Area and Experimental Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Accuracy Assessment of the Offsets Estimation
4.2. Stability Evaluation with Different Size of Matching Windows
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- First, we compare the cross-correlation coefficients of the best matched points for the NCC and the ANCC methods. The NCC has much lower correlation values on the landslide boundaries, as it uses regular matching windows, which contain different types of moving characteristics. In contrast, the ANCC method uses adaptive matching windows, including pixels with similar moving characteristics. Then, it can greatly improve the estimation accuracy of displacements for the landslide.
- (2)
- Finally, we evaluate the stability with different size-matching windows for both methods. On the landslide boundaries, the displacements estimated by the classical NCC method are changing severely and become ambiguous with the increasing matching window size. In contrast, the proposed ANCC method has great stability in boundary areas, no matter the size of the matching window.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Acquired Time | Polarization | Azimuth Pixel Spacing | Range Pixel Spacing | Wavelength |
---|---|---|---|---|
19 August 2011 | HH | 0.60 m | 1.67 m | 23.84 cm |
9 May 2012 | HH | 0.60 m | 1.67 m | 23.84 cm |
1 August 2012 | HH | 0.60 m | 1.67 m | 23.84 cm |
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Cai, J.; Wang, C.; Mao, X.; Wang, Q. An Adaptive Offset Tracking Method with SAR Images for Landslide Displacement Monitoring. Remote Sens. 2017, 9, 830. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9080830
Cai J, Wang C, Mao X, Wang Q. An Adaptive Offset Tracking Method with SAR Images for Landslide Displacement Monitoring. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9(8):830. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9080830
Chicago/Turabian StyleCai, Jiehua, Changcheng Wang, Xiaokang Mao, and Qijie Wang. 2017. "An Adaptive Offset Tracking Method with SAR Images for Landslide Displacement Monitoring" Remote Sensing 9, no. 8: 830. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9080830