Tryptophan Attenuates the Effects of OTA on Intestinal Morphology and Local IgA/IgY Production in Broiler Chicks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Intestinal Morphometry
2.2. Total IgA and IgY Levels in Fecal Content
2.3. Immunohistochemistry for IgA Detection in the Duodenum
2.4. Quantity of IgA+ Cells in the Duodenum
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Chicks and their Management
4.2. OTA and Tryptophan—Dose Preparation
4.3. Experimental Design
4.4. Histological and Immunohistochemistry Analysis
4.5. Total IgY and IgY and IgA Levels in Fecal Content
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ricci, F.G.; Terkelli, L.R.; Venancio, E.J.; Justino, L.; dos Santos, B.Q.; Baptista, A.A.S.; Oba, A.; de Oliveira Souza, B.D.; Bracarense, A.P.F.R.L.; Hirooka, E.Y.; et al. Tryptophan Attenuates the Effects of OTA on Intestinal Morphology and Local IgA/IgY Production in Broiler Chicks. Toxins 2021, 13, 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010005
Ricci FG, Terkelli LR, Venancio EJ, Justino L, dos Santos BQ, Baptista AAS, Oba A, de Oliveira Souza BD, Bracarense APFRL, Hirooka EY, et al. Tryptophan Attenuates the Effects of OTA on Intestinal Morphology and Local IgA/IgY Production in Broiler Chicks. Toxins. 2021; 13(1):5. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010005
Chicago/Turabian StyleRicci, Fernando Galdino, Leticia Rodrigues Terkelli, Emerson José Venancio, Larissa Justino, Beatriz Queiroz dos Santos, Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista, Alexandre Oba, Bianca Dorana de Oliveira Souza, Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense, Elisa Yoko Hirooka, and et al. 2021. "Tryptophan Attenuates the Effects of OTA on Intestinal Morphology and Local IgA/IgY Production in Broiler Chicks" Toxins 13, no. 1: 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13010005