A One-Dollar, Disposable, Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Rate
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Structure of Paper-Based Sweat Rate Monitoring Chips
2.2. Sweat Micro-Channel Parameters
2.3. Chip Assembly
2.4. Chip Calibration
2.5. Testing on Human Volunteers
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Sweat Micro-Channel Parameters
3.2. Chip Calibration Results
3.3. Testing Results Using Human Volunteers
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
r | radius of spiral line on the external side, mm | s | sensitivity of P-SRMC sensor, mm·μL−1 |
R | radius of spiral line on the internal side, mm | x | volume of secreting sweat, μL |
ww | width of the wax line, mm | y | is displacement, mm |
wc | width of the sweat channel, mm | Ac | sweat collecting area, mm2 |
θ | angle of spiral lines, rad | Vf | sweat secreting volume velocity from forehead, μL·min−1 |
sweat average flow velocity in wax channel, mm/s | Varm | sweat secreting volume velocity from left forearm, μL·min−1 | |
υs | sweat secreting rate, g·m−S2·h−1 | Vnape | sweat secreting volume velocity from nape of the neck, μL·min−1 |
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Time/min | Left Forearm/mm | Forehead/mm | Nape of Neck/mm | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male | Female | Female | Female | |||
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 11.8 | 6.3 | 3.5 | 2.6 |
10 | 18.5 | 15.0 | 36.8 | 20.7 | 19.2 | 14.6 |
15 | 29.5 | 20.1 | 49.5 | 31.3 | 26.8 | 19.5 |
20 | 35.2 | 25.3 | 54.8 | 42.9 | 32.6 | 21.9 |
25 | 41.8 | 30.0 | 58.8 | 49.8 | 40.5 | 29.8 |
30 | 46.5 | 38.2 | 61.5 | 52.1 | 44.2 | 34.2 |
35 | 52.8 | 45.8 | 66.5 | 56.5 | 47.9 | 38.6 |
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Wang, H.; Xu, K.; Xu, H.; Huang, A.; Fang, Z.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Z.; Lu, K.; Wan, F.; Bai, Z.; et al. A One-Dollar, Disposable, Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Rate. Micromachines 2022, 13, 414. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13030414
Wang H, Xu K, Xu H, Huang A, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Lu K, Wan F, Bai Z, et al. A One-Dollar, Disposable, Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Rate. Micromachines. 2022; 13(3):414. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13030414
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Hongcheng, Kai Xu, Haihao Xu, Along Huang, Zecong Fang, Yifan Zhang, Ze’en Wang, Kai Lu, Fei Wan, Zihao Bai, and et al. 2022. "A One-Dollar, Disposable, Paper-Based Microfluidic Chip for Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Rate" Micromachines 13, no. 3: 414. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13030414