Immunohistochemical Detection of the Presence of Vitamin D Receptor in Childhood Solid Tumors
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient and Sample Selection
2.2. Tissue Microarrays
2.3. Immunohistochemical Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Measurement of VDR Expression
3.2. VDR Expression and Survival
3.3. VDR Expression in Different Types of Childhood Solid Tumors
3.4. Pathological Observations Regarding VDR Characteristics of Tumor Types
3.4.1. Nephroblastoma (Wilms’ Tumor)
3.4.2. Central Nervous System Tumors
3.4.3. Hepatoblastoma
3.4.4. Neuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroma
4. Discussions
4.1. Need for New Biomarkers
4.2. Role of Vitamin D in Cancer Prevention and Therapy
4.3. VDR Expression and Survival
4.4. Pathological Observations Regarding VDR Characteristics of Tumor Types
4.4.1. Nephroblastoma (Wilms’ Tumor)
4.4.2. Central Nervous System Tumors
4.4.3. Hepatoblastoma
4.4.4. Neuroblastoma, Ganglioneuroma
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
VDR | vitamin D receptor |
WHO | World Health Organization |
PNET | primitive neuro-ectodermal tumor |
TMA | tissue microarray |
OR | odds ratio |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
IHC | immunohistochemistry |
NBL | neuroblastoma |
TGC | thyroid gland carcinoma |
WT | Wilms’ tumor |
EWS | Ewing sarcoma |
MBL | medulloblastoma |
EPM | ependymoma |
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Favorable Prognosis | Unfavorable Prognosis | |
---|---|---|
Significant VDR expression | 18 | 0 |
Non-significant VDR expression | 66 | 26 |
Tumor Types | Significant VDR Expression | Non-Significant VDR Expression |
---|---|---|
Neuroblastoma | 2 | 7.4% (2.1–23.4) |
Ewing sarcoma | 2 | 20.0% (5.7–51.0) |
Wilms’ tumor | 2 | 28.6% (8.2–64.1) |
Thyroid carcinoma | 5 | 100.0% (56.6–100) |
Ependymoma | 2 | 5.4% (1.5–17.7) |
Medulloblastoma | 6 | 8.8% (4.1–17.9) |
PNET | 4 | 33.3% (13.8–60.9) |
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Juhász, O.; Jákob, N.; Rajnai, H.; Imrei, M.; Garami, M. Immunohistochemical Detection of the Presence of Vitamin D Receptor in Childhood Solid Tumors. Cancers 2022, 14, 3295. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143295
Juhász O, Jákob N, Rajnai H, Imrei M, Garami M. Immunohistochemical Detection of the Presence of Vitamin D Receptor in Childhood Solid Tumors. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3295. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143295
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuhász, Orsolya, Noémi Jákob, Hajnalka Rajnai, Marcell Imrei, and Miklós Garami. 2022. "Immunohistochemical Detection of the Presence of Vitamin D Receptor in Childhood Solid Tumors" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3295. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143295