Internal Relative Humidity, Autogenous Shrinkage, and Strength of Cement Mortar Modified with Superabsorbent Polymers
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Test Methods
2.2.1. Autogenous Shrinkage and IRH Measurements
2.2.2. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Test
2.2.3. Flexural and Compressive Strength Tests
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. IRH Changes and Autogenous Shrinkage
3.2. Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
3.3. Flexural and Compressive Strengths
4. Concluding Remarks
- The inclusion of SAPs can be a viable option to alleviate IRH drops and corresponding autogenous shrinkage developments in cementitious composites with a low w/c.
- The effectiveness of autogenous shrinkage mitigation became greater as the dosage of the SAP increased.
- SAPs with higher cross-linking density and larger particle size worked more effectively in mitigating autogenous shrinkage.
- The trend of autogenous shrinkage was quite close to that of IRH changes. The autogenous shrinkage was almost a linear function of IRH with a coefficient of determination (R2) of more than 0.90.
- SAP additions had insignificant effects on both immediate deformation (ID)-based- and full response-based CTEs.
- SAP inclusions had minimal adverse effects on the flexural strength characteristics of low w/c mortars although the compressive strength was moderately reduced at all ages. Particularly for flexural strength, the SAP with greater moisture retention capacity resulted in even higher later-age strength gains than the plain mixture.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Composition (%) | Fineness (m2/kg) | Specific Gravity | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | SO3 | K2O | Na2O | ||
19.7 | 5.33 | 2.90 | 61.5 | 3.81 | 2.54 | 0.86 | 0.18 | 370 | 3.15 |
Chemical Nomenclature | Chemical Formula | Molar Mass (g/mol) | Constitutional Formula | Density (g/cm3) | Appearance |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Poly (sodium prop-2-enoate) | (C3H3NaO2)n | Variable | 1.22 |
Type of SAP | Dry particle Size (Diameter) | Cross-Linking Density | Rate of Moisture Uptake [36] | Free Absorption Capacity (in Cement Filtrate at 60 min) [36] | Absorption Capacity under Mixing Condition [36] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAP A | #80–20 mesh (177–841 μm) | Low | Low | Medium-high (38.91 g/g SAP) | High (12.70 g/g SAP) |
SAP B | #120–80 mesh (125–177 μm) | Medium | High | Medium (35.43 g/g SAP) | Medium (8.75 g/g SAP) |
SAP C | #80–20 mesh (177–841 μm) | High | Low | Low (31.01 g/g SAP) | Low (4.82 g/g SAP) |
SAP D | #100–40 mesh (149–400 μm) | Medium | Medium | High (42.71 g/g SAP) | Medium-high (10.99 g/g SAP) |
Mixture | Weight per Unit Volume (kg/m3) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cement | Sand | Water | SAP | IC Water a | Water Reducer | |
Plain | 604.2 | 1661.6 | 181.3 | - | - | 3.02 |
SAP A 0.4 | 586.2 | 1612.1 | 175.9 | 2.35 | 29.8 | 2.93 |
SAP B 0.4 | 591.7 | 1627.2 | 177.5 | 2.37 | 20.7 | 2.96 |
SAP C 0.4 | 597.3 | 1642.6 | 179.2 | 2.39 | 11.5 | 2.99 |
SAP D 0.4 | 588.6 | 1618.7 | 176.6 | 2.35 | 25.9 | 2.94 |
SAP D 0.2 | 596.3 | 1639.8 | 178.9 | 1.19 | 13.1 | 2.98 |
SAP D 0.6 | 581.1 | 1598.0 | 174.3 | 3.49 | 38.3 | 2.91 |
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Urgessa, G.; Choi, K.-B.; Yeon, J.H. Internal Relative Humidity, Autogenous Shrinkage, and Strength of Cement Mortar Modified with Superabsorbent Polymers. Polymers 2018, 10, 1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101074
Urgessa G, Choi K-B, Yeon JH. Internal Relative Humidity, Autogenous Shrinkage, and Strength of Cement Mortar Modified with Superabsorbent Polymers. Polymers. 2018; 10(10):1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101074
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrgessa, Girum, Ki-Bong Choi, and Jung Heum Yeon. 2018. "Internal Relative Humidity, Autogenous Shrinkage, and Strength of Cement Mortar Modified with Superabsorbent Polymers" Polymers 10, no. 10: 1074. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym10101074