An Innovative Treatment Based on Sodium Citrate for Improving the Mechanical Performances of Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Materials and Composites Manufacturing
2.2. Mechanical Characterization
2.3. Morphological Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Characterization
3.2. Morphological Characterization
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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SQ | DF | MS | F | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tensile Strength | Batch | 2281.83 | 3 | 760.6099 | 257.9597 | 9.37727 × 10−14 |
Error | 47.17697 | 16 | 2.948561 | |||
Total | 2329.007 | 19 | ||||
Tensile Modulus | Batch | 13.87749 | 3 | 4.62582860 | 60.85088 | 5.71951 × 10−9 |
Error | 1.216305 | 16 | 0.07601908 | |||
Total | 15.09379 | 19 | ||||
Flexural Strength | Batch | 414.2694 | 3 | 138.0898 | 8.629053 | 1.22916 × 10−3 |
Error | 256.0463 | 16 | 16.00289 | |||
Total | 670.3157 | 19 | ||||
Flexural Modulus | Batch | 2.443777 | 3 | 0.814592295 | 11.70749 | 2.6105 × 10−4 |
Error | 1.11326 | 16 | 0.069578719 | |||
Total | 3.557036 | 19 |
Sample | R | C5 | C10 | C20 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thickness [mm] | 4.07 ± 0.02 | 4.44 ± 0.03 | 4.55 ± 0.07 | 4.71 ± 0.04 |
Theoretical density [g/cm3] | 1.3183 | 1.3327 | 1.3334 | 1.3595 |
Experimental density [g/cm3] | 1.2288 | 1.2941 | 1.3047 | 1.2610 |
Fiber content [%] | 36.8 ± 0.2 | 36.5 ± 0.2 | 37.3 ± 0.5 | 36.2 ± 0.3 |
Voids content [%] | 6.8 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.1 | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 7.2 ± 0.2 |
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Fiore, V.; Badagliacco, D.; Sanfilippo, C.; Miranda, R.; Valenza, A. An Innovative Treatment Based on Sodium Citrate for Improving the Mechanical Performances of Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites. Polymers 2021, 13, 559. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040559
Fiore V, Badagliacco D, Sanfilippo C, Miranda R, Valenza A. An Innovative Treatment Based on Sodium Citrate for Improving the Mechanical Performances of Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites. Polymers. 2021; 13(4):559. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040559
Chicago/Turabian StyleFiore, Vincenzo, Dionisio Badagliacco, Carmelo Sanfilippo, Riccardo Miranda, and Antonino Valenza. 2021. "An Innovative Treatment Based on Sodium Citrate for Improving the Mechanical Performances of Flax Fiber Reinforced Composites" Polymers 13, no. 4: 559. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13040559