Impact of Starch Coating Embedded with Silver Nanoparticles on Strawberry Storage Time
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Synthesis of Starch-Silver Nanoparticles (St-AgNPs)
2.2.2. Characterization Methods
Visual Examination
Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM)
Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
UV-Visible Analysis
Antioxidant Activity
2.2.3. Starch-AgNPs Application as Active Coatings in the Preservation of Strawberries
2.2.4. Quality Criteria of Strawberry Fruit
Loss of Weight
Inspection of Visual Decay (%)
Soluble Solids Content (%)
Total Titratable Acidity (%)
Anthocyanin Content
Induced Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry
Microbial Counts
Strawberry Shelf-Life
Analytical Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Characterization Results
3.1.1. Nanoparticle Visual Examination
3.1.2. Morphology and Microstructure
3.1.3. Chemical Composition of Nanocomposite
3.1.4. Investigation of St-AgNPs Formation Using UV-Visible Spectroscopy
3.1.5. Antioxidant Activity of AgNPs
3.2. Quality Criteria of Strawberry Fruit
3.2.1. Weight Loss
3.2.2. Visual Decay
3.2.3. Total Soluble Solid Content
3.2.4. Total Acidity Content
3.2.5. Content of Anthocyanin
3.2.6. Impact of the Washing Process on Silver Concentration
3.2.7. Changes in Microbial Load for Strawberry Fruit during Storage
3.2.8. Shelf-Life Periods for Strawberry Fruit
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Operating Conditions | Silver Ions |
---|---|
Wavelength (nm) | 328.1 |
Intensity | 82675 |
RF plasma torches power (kW) | 1.2 |
Nebulizer flow (L/min) | 0.7 |
Plasma flow (L/min) | 12 |
Viewing mode | Axial |
Background correction | Fitted |
Correlation coefficient | 0.98 |
Calibration error (%) | 10 |
Calibration fit | Rational |
Limit of quantification (ug/dl) | 5 |
Treatment | Storage Period (d) at 25 ± 3 °C | Storage Period (d) at 6 ± 2 °C | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | ||
Control | 5.80 Ca | 11.50 Ba | 28.00 Aa | 2.35 Da | 4.35 Ca | 8.35 Ba | 13.65 Aa | |
AgNPs | 250 mg·L−1 | 4.15 Cb | 7.45 Bb | 16.89 Ab | 2.21 Da | 2.77 Cb | 3.40 Bb | 5.65 Ab |
500 mg·L−1 | 4. 25 Cb | 7.35 Bb | 15.75 Ac | 2.08 Da | 2.65 Cb | 3.28 Bb | 4.44 Ac |
Treatments | Storage Period (d) at 25 ± 3 °C | Storage Period (d) at 6 ± 2 °C | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | ||
Control | 10.0 | 80.0 | 100.0 | 15.0 | 45.0 | 100.0 | ND | |
AgNPs | 250 mg·L−1 | ND | 20.0 | 60.0 | ND | ND | 20.0 | 50.0 |
500 mg·L−1 | ND | ND | 40.0 | ND | ND | 10.0 | 30.0 |
Treatments | Storage Period (d) at 25 ± 3 °C | Storage Period (d) at 6 ± 2 °C | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | ||
Control | 5.70 Ba | 6.58 Aa | ND | ND | 5.70 Aa | 5.87 Aa | 5.65 Aa | ND | ND | |
AgNPs | 250 mg·L−1 | 5.70 Ba | 6.04 Ab | 6.20 Aa | 6.18 Aa | 5.70 Ba | 5.84 Ba | 5.95 ABa | 6.22 Aa | 6.21 Aa |
500 mg·L−1 | 5.65 Ba | 5.93A Bb | 6.10 Aa | 6.20 Aa | 5.65 Ca | 5.72 BCa | 5.80 ABCa | 6.02 Aa | 6.08 Aa |
Treatments | Storage Period (d) at 25 ± 3 °C | Storage Period (d) at 6 ± 2 °C | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | ||
Control | 0.48 Aa | 0.37 Ba | ND | ND | 0.48 Aa | 0.41 ABa | 0.35 Ba | ND | ND | |
AgNPs | 250 mg·L−1 | 0. 47 Aa | 0.42 Aa | 0.38 Aa | 0.32 Aa | 0.47 Aa | 0.45 Aa | 0.42 Aa | 0.40 Aa | 0.37 Aa |
500 mg·L−1 | 0.46 Aa | 0.42 Aa | 0.39 Aa | 0.34 Aa | 0.46 Aa | 0.47 Aa | 0.43 Aa | 0.41 Aa | 0.38 Aa |
Treatments | Storage Period (d) at 25 ± 3 °C | Storage Period (d) at 6 ± 2 °C | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 16 | ||
Control | 325.2 Ba | 527.6 Aa | ND | ND | 325.2 Ca | 446.8 Aa | 383.6 Bb | ND | ND | |
AgNPs | 250 mg·L−1 | 322.5 Da | 475.0 Cb | 572.5 Ba | 629.0 Aa | 322.5 Da | 371.5 Cb | 414.5 Ba | 485.0 Aa | 467.0 Aa |
500 mg·L−1 | 324.4 Da | 471.6 Cb | 562.0 Ba | 606.0 Ab | 324.4 Da | 363.5 Cb | 409.5 Ba | 471.5 Aa | 465.6 Aa |
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Taha, I.M.; Zaghlool, A.; Nasr, A.; Nagib, A.; El Azab, I.H.; Mersal, G.A.M.; Ibrahim, M.M.; Fahmy, A. Impact of Starch Coating Embedded with Silver Nanoparticles on Strawberry Storage Time. Polymers 2022, 14, 1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071439
Taha IM, Zaghlool A, Nasr A, Nagib A, El Azab IH, Mersal GAM, Ibrahim MM, Fahmy A. Impact of Starch Coating Embedded with Silver Nanoparticles on Strawberry Storage Time. Polymers. 2022; 14(7):1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071439
Chicago/Turabian StyleTaha, Ibrahim M., Ayman Zaghlool, Ali Nasr, Ashraf Nagib, Islam H. El Azab, Gaber A. M. Mersal, Mohamed M. Ibrahim, and Alaa Fahmy. 2022. "Impact of Starch Coating Embedded with Silver Nanoparticles on Strawberry Storage Time" Polymers 14, no. 7: 1439. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14071439