The Effect of Lithium Iodide to the Properties of Carboxymethyl κ-Carrageenan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Polymer Electrolyte and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Preparation and Characterization of Electrolytes
2.3. Preparation and Characterization of Solid-State DSSC
3. Results
3.1. FTIR Study
3.2. DMA Study
3.3. Room Temperature Conductivity Study
3.4. Conductivity at Various Temperatures
3.5. J–V Performance
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Band assignment | Wavenumber (cm−1) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
0 wt % LiI | 10 wt % LiI | 20 wt % LiI | 30 wt % LiI | |
OH stretching | 3,358 | 3,377 | 3,378 | 3,379 |
COO− asymmetrical of carboxylate anion | 1,581 | 1,587 | 1,589 | 1,591 |
COO– symmetric stretching | 1,408 | 1,414 | 1,415 | 1,416 |
−CH2 scissoring | 1,320 | 1,324 | 1,324 | 1,324 |
O=S=O symmetric vibration | 1,232 | 1,242 | 1,233 | 1,235 |
C−O−C stretching | 924 | 927 | 927 | 927 |
Concentration of LiI (wt %) | Glass transition temperature, Tg (°C) |
---|---|
0 | −13.5 |
10 | −14.5 |
20 | −16.7 |
30 | −43.0 |
CMKC/CMCE:Salt | Conductivity, (σ ± Δσ) (S·cm−1) |
---|---|
100:0 | (3.25 ± 0.25) × 10−4 |
90:10 | (1.66 ± 0.16) × 10−3 |
80:20 | (2.73 ± 0.09 ) × 10−3 |
70:30 | (3.89 ± 0.27) × 10−3 |
CMKC/CMCE:LiI (wt %) | I2 (M) | Voc (V) | Jsc (mA·cm−2) | ff | η% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 (Cell A) | 0.01 | 0.498 | 0.05 | 0.90 | 0.02 |
20 (Cell B) | 0.02 | 0.492 | 0.12 | 0.80 | 0.05 |
30 (Cell C) | 0.03 | 0.492 | 0.40 | 0.57 | 0.11 |
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Che Balian, S.R.; Ahmad, A.; Mohamed, N.S. The Effect of Lithium Iodide to the Properties of Carboxymethyl κ-Carrageenan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Polymer Electrolyte and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance. Polymers 2016, 8, 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8050163
Che Balian SR, Ahmad A, Mohamed NS. The Effect of Lithium Iodide to the Properties of Carboxymethyl κ-Carrageenan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Polymer Electrolyte and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance. Polymers. 2016; 8(5):163. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8050163
Chicago/Turabian StyleChe Balian, Siti Rudhziah, Azizan Ahmad, and Nor Sabirin Mohamed. 2016. "The Effect of Lithium Iodide to the Properties of Carboxymethyl κ-Carrageenan/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Polymer Electrolyte and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Performance" Polymers 8, no. 5: 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym8050163