Influence of Dosage and Modulus on Soluble Sodium Silicate for Early Strength Development of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Hardening Periods of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements
3.2. Characteristics of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cement Type | 3 h | 2 d | 28 d | Durability 1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Portland cement | - | ++ | ++ | ++ |
Blended cement | - | + | + | ++ |
High alumina cement | ++ | ++ | ++ | + |
High sulfate cement | + | ++ | ++ | ++ |
Sulfoaluminate cement | ++ | +++ | ++ | ++ |
Alkali activated cement | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ |
Content of Oxides, % by Mass | Loss on Ignition | Modulus of Basicity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SiO2 | Al2O3 | CaO | MgO | FeO | SO3 | Na2O | ||
32.13 | 11.48 | 50.27 | 1.14 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.77 | 2.01 | 1.18 |
Factors | Units | Code | Levels of Variation | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
−1 | 0 | +1 | |||
Na3PO4·12H2O (TSP) | % | X1 | 0 | 6 | 12 |
Silicate module of glass (Ms) | – | X2 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3 |
No. | Plan Matrix in Codes | Plan Matrix in Physical Terms | Initial Setting Times Depending on the Content of OPC Clinker in AASC, min | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | X2 | TSP, % | Ms of SSS | 5% | 50% | 95% | |
1 | +1 | +1 | 12 | 3 | 40 | 28 | 18 |
2 | +1 | −1 | 12 | 1.8 | 26 | 20 | 12 |
3 | −1 | +1 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 3 |
4 | −1 | −1 | 0 | 1.8 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
5 | +1 | 0 | 12 | 2.4 | 35 | 25 | 16 |
6 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 2.4 | 4 | 3 | 2 |
7 | 0 | +1 | 6 | 3 | 22 | 16 | 10 |
8 | 0 | −1 | 6 | 1.8 | 13 | 10 | 6 |
9 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2.4 | 19 | 14 | 8 |
# | Cement Composition, % by Mass | Properties | Compressive Strength/Flexural Strength, MPa | Water Resistance Coefficient | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cement Paste | Cement–Sand Mortar | ||||||||||||
GBFS | OPC Clinker | Glycerol | Standard Consistency, % | Initial Setting Time, min | S/C | Flow, mm | 3 h | 1 d | 3 d | 7 d | 28 d | ||
SSS (Ms = 1.8, p = 1.35 g/mL), content of TSP is 12% by mass | |||||||||||||
1 | 95 | 5 | – | 28 | 12 | 0.38 | 112 | 16.8 3.7 | 28.7 5.9 | 43.0 6.1 | 55.3 7.6 | 67.5 9.2 | – |
2 | 93 | 5 | 2 | 27 | 23 | 0.37 | 116 | 16.6 4.0 | 27.4 4.6 | 44.0 6.3 | 63.1 7.7 | 77.7 10.1 | – |
3 | 47.5 | 50 | 2.5 | 28 | 20 | 0.39 | 113 | 18.3 3.5 | 30.8 4.9 | 46.2 5.8 | 57.3 7.6 | 69.6 9.8 | – |
4 | 2.5 | 95 | 2.5 | 29 | 17 | 0.41 | 109 | 19.7 3.5 | 33.7 4.5 | 48.0 5.5 | 55.6 7.7 | 65.4 9.7 | 0.91 |
SSS (Ms = 2.4, p = 1.35 g/mL), content TSP is 12% by mass | |||||||||||||
5 | 95 | 5 | – | 29 | 16 | 0.40 | 115 | 22.4 3.7 | 38.2 6.9 | 58.6 7.3 | 71.0 8.9 | 86.2 10.3 | 0.91 |
6 | 93 | 5 | 2 | 28 | 30 | 0.38 | 118 | 22.1 4.0 | 36.5 5.2 | 57.0 7.1 | 82.2 9.3 | 117.1 12.7 | 0.90 |
7 | 47.5 | 50 | 2,5 | 28.5 | 26 | 0.40 | 112 | 24.5 3.8 | 40.9 5.8 | 60.3 6.8 | 78.0 8.9 | 93.2 11.9 | 0.93 |
8 | 2.5 | 95 | 2,5 | 30 | 21 | 0.42 | 108 | 26.3 4.1 | 43.4 5.2 | 62.0 6.5 | 75.7 9.0 | 89.2 10.8 | 0.95 |
SSS (Ms = 3.0, p = 1.35 g/mL), content of TSP is 12% by mass | |||||||||||||
9 | 95 | 5 | – | 28.5 | 18 | 0.41 | 114 | 21.4 3.5 | 36.5 6.3 | 56.0 6.6 | 67.7 8.0 | 82.3 9.3 | 0.87 |
10 | 93 | 5 | 2 | 28 | 34 | 0.39 | 115 | 21.0 3.6 | 34.8 4.7 | 54.4 6.4 | 78.5 8.2 | 101.7 10.7 | 0.89 |
11 | 47.5 | 50 | 2.5 | 29 | 30 | 0.42 | 113 | 23.3 3.4 | 39.0 5.2 | 57.5 6.1 | 71.6 8.1 | 86.1 10.3 | 0.93 |
12 | 2.5 | 95 | 2.5 | 31 | 23 | 0.43 | 110 | 25.1 3.7 | 41.4 4.7 | 58.2 5.9 | 67.5 8.2 | 84.7 9.6 | 0.91 |
13 | 4.75 | 90 | 5.25 | 29 | 72 | 0.38 | 111 | 6.3 1.8 | 20.3 3.3 | 44.0 4.8 | 66.1 7.9 | 81.8 9.2 | – |
Cement Type | Compressive Strength, MPa | Specific Surface, cm2/g | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 h | 6 h | 1 d | 3 d | 28 d | ||
AC | – | – | ≥32.4 | ≥60.0 | – | ≥3000 |
RHC | – | – | 25–30 | 40.0 | 60–70 | 4000–4500 |
SRHC | 10.0 | 14–20 | 30–37 | – | 40–50 | 5000–6000 |
CLWD | – | – | 25–35 | – | 86.0 | 5800 |
AASC | 26.3 | – | 43.4 | 62.0 | 89.2 | 4120 |
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Kryvenko, P.; Rudenko, I.; Kovalchuk, O.; Gelevera, O.; Konstantynovskyi, O. Influence of Dosage and Modulus on Soluble Sodium Silicate for Early Strength Development of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements. Minerals 2023, 13, 1164. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13091164
Kryvenko P, Rudenko I, Kovalchuk O, Gelevera O, Konstantynovskyi O. Influence of Dosage and Modulus on Soluble Sodium Silicate for Early Strength Development of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements. Minerals. 2023; 13(9):1164. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13091164
Chicago/Turabian StyleKryvenko, Pavlo, Igor Rudenko, Oleksandr Kovalchuk, Oleksandr Gelevera, and Oleksandr Konstantynovskyi. 2023. "Influence of Dosage and Modulus on Soluble Sodium Silicate for Early Strength Development of Alkali-Activated Slag Cements" Minerals 13, no. 9: 1164. https://doi.org/10.3390/min13091164