Alterations of Specific Lymphocytic Subsets with Aging and Age-Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. E-MD, E-CVD, and E-MD/CVD Groups Had Decreased CD4T Cell and Treg Cell Subsets Compared to EH
2.2. The Proportions of CD8 -TN Cells Were Reduced Whereas CD8-TEM Cells and CD8-TEMRA Were Increased in Most Elderly Groups Compared to YH, Together with Increased Frequencies of CD28-CD57+CD8+ Cells
2.3. The Proportions of CD4-TN Cells Were Reduced While CD4-TEM Cells Were Increased in Most Elderly Groups, Together with Increased Frequencies of Cd28−Cd57+Cd8+ Cells, While Increased Cd4-Temra Cells Were Not Observed for Elderly Groups Compared to Yh
2.4. Serum Levels of Ifn-γ Were Reduced with Aging While Gdf-15 Levels Were Increased in Elderly Diseases Groups Compared to Yh Controls
2.5. T-Cell Proliferation Activities Were Relatively High in Aged People and These Proliferated T-Cells Tended to Trigger Apoptosis Following Stimulation Due to a True Senescence Phenomenon
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Outpatients
4.2. Study Design
4.3. Methods
4.3.1. Blood Sample Collection
4.3.2. Flow Cytometry and Antibodies
4.3.3. Quantitation of Serum IFN-γ, TGF-β, and GDF-15 Levels
4.3.4. Proliferation Assay
4.3.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables of Interest | YH (n = 19) | EH (n = 16) | E-MDs (n = 14) | E-CVDs (n = 14) | E-MDs/CVDs (n = 40) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), (mean ± SD) | 31.2 ± 5.8 | 67.1 ± 5.7 | 68.2 ± 8.3 | 77.6 ± 11.7 | 71.2 ± 9.9 |
Sex (% female) | 52.6 | 44 | 64.3 | 42.9 | 52.5 |
BMI (Male) | 21.38 ± 4.58 a | 23.93 ± 4.79 b | 25.32 ± 2.71 c | 25.89 ± 1.94 d | 26.79 ± 2.17 e |
(Female) | 22.09 ± 2.52 f | 22.27 ± 0.5 g | 25.29 ± 2.20 h | 25.08 ± 4.01 i | 27.38 ± 4.94 j |
WBC (10^9/L) | 6.4 ± 1.6 | 5.5 ± 1.3 k | 6.4 ± 1.5 l | 6.5 ± 1.5 m | 6.3 ± 1.4 n |
Neutrophil (%) | 59.0 ± 8.6 | 60.6 ± 9.1 | 55.1 ± 6.9 | 59.1 ± 10.5 | 58.1 ± 8.1 |
Monocyte (%) | 6.0 ± 1.8 | 6.4 ± 2.0 | 6.1 ± 3.5 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 5.8 ± 1.5 |
Lymphocyte (%) | 31.3 ± 7.7 | 30.8 ± 9.1 | 35.6 ± 7.1 | 31.8 ± 9.8 | 33.1 ± 8 |
Diagnosis | no | no | Hyperlipidemia | COPD | Hypertension + hyperlipidemia |
Hyperuricemia | Hypertension, | Hypertension + hyperuricemia | |||
TypeII DM | Arrhythmia | TypeII DM + hypertension | |||
TypeII DM + hypertension + hyperlipidemia | |||||
Hypertension + hyperlipidemia + CAD + asthma | |||||
TypeII DM + hypertension + hyperlipidemia + coronary syndrome + CAD | |||||
TypeII DM + hypertension + hyperlipidemia + hyperuricemia | |||||
Prescriptions | no | no | Statin | CCB | ARB + statin + Ezetimibe |
Statin + BI + DDP4I | β-blocker | CCB + ARB + Diuretic + statin + BI + DDP4I | |||
Ezetimibe + Fenofibrate | ARB | CCB + ARB + β-blocker + statin | |||
Vytorin | Diuretic + ARB | ARB + SU + BI | |||
Acarbose + BI + Pioglitazone | β-blocker + Diuretic + CCB + ARB | ARB + CCB + Diuretic | |||
ARB + Diuretic + CCB + β-blocker + statin + Febuxostat | |||||
ARB + Diuretic + SU + Fenofibrate |
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Chen, Y.J.; Liao, Y.J.; Tram, V.T.N.; Lin, C.H.; Liao, K.C.; Liu, C.L. Alterations of Specific Lymphocytic Subsets with Aging and Age-Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Life 2020, 10, 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10100246
Chen YJ, Liao YJ, Tram VTN, Lin CH, Liao KC, Liu CL. Alterations of Specific Lymphocytic Subsets with Aging and Age-Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases. Life. 2020; 10(10):246. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10100246
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Ying Jen, Yi Jen Liao, Van Thi Ngoc Tram, Chung Hao Lin, Kuo Chen Liao, and Chao Lien Liu. 2020. "Alterations of Specific Lymphocytic Subsets with Aging and Age-Related Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases" Life 10, no. 10: 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/life10100246