TGR5 Expression Is Associated with Changes in the Heart and Urinary Bladder of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Measurement of Blood Biomarkers
2.3. Cardiac Performance in Langendorff Apparatus
2.4. Cystometrogram of Urinary Bladder
2.5. Measurement of Intracellular cAMP Levels in Isolated Urinary Bladders
2.6. Real-Time Quantitative PCR
- TGR5
- F: 5′-TGGCTGCTGTGACTCTTTGA-3′
- R: 5′-TGTGACATCATGGGTCTTGG-3′
- BNP
- F: 5′-GTCAGTCGCTTGGGCTGT-3′;
- R: 5′-CCAGAGCTGGGGAAAGAAG-3′;
- β-MHC
- F: 5′-CATCCCCAATGAGACGAAGT-3′;
- R: 5′-GGGAAGCCCTTCCTACAGAT-3′;
- β-actin
- F: 5′-CTAAGGCCAACCGTGAAAAG-3′;
- R: 5′-GCCTGGATGGCTACGTACA-3′
2.7. Western Blotting Analysis
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Role of TNFα in MetS Induced in HFD-Fed Rats
3.2. Changes in Cardiac Performance in HFD-Fed Rats
3.3. Changes in TGR5 Expression in the Hearts
3.4. Changes of TGR5 Expression in Urinary Bladder of HFD-Fed Rats
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hsu, C.-C.; Cheng, K.-C.; Li, Y.; Hsu, P.-H.; Cheng, J.-T.; Niu, H.-S. TGR5 Expression Is Associated with Changes in the Heart and Urinary Bladder of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Life 2021, 11, 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070695
Hsu C-C, Cheng K-C, Li Y, Hsu P-H, Cheng J-T, Niu H-S. TGR5 Expression Is Associated with Changes in the Heart and Urinary Bladder of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Life. 2021; 11(7):695. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070695
Chicago/Turabian StyleHsu, Chia-Chen, Kai-Chun Cheng, Yingxiao Li, Ping-Hao Hsu, Juei-Tang Cheng, and Ho-Shan Niu. 2021. "TGR5 Expression Is Associated with Changes in the Heart and Urinary Bladder of Rats with Metabolic Syndrome" Life 11, no. 7: 695. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11070695