High Expression of Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 (SLC2A1) in Cancer Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients
2.2. Immunohistochemistry
2.3. Markers of Systemic Inflammation
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Expression of Hypoxic Markers by MPNST
3.2. Complete Blood Count, LDH, and CRP
3.3. Survival Analysis—Markers of Hypoxia
3.4. Survival Analysis—NLR and CRP
3.5. Multivariable Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Percentage of Immunopositive Cells | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intensity of the IHC staining | >50% | 26–50% | 6–25% | 0–5% | |
High +++ | 12 | 9 | 6 | 3 | |
Intermediate ++ | 11 | 8 | 5 | 2 | |
Low + | 10 | 7 | 4 | 1 | |
No staining | 0 |
Variable | SLC2A1 | HIF1A | VEGFA | CA9 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | ||
Baseline distant and/or nodal metastases | No | 13 | 5 | 0.189/0.378 | 11 | 7 | 0.035/0.420 | 5 | 13 | 0.667/0.889 | 8 | 10 | 1.000/1.000 |
Yes | 3 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | |||||
Location | Superficial | 8 | 1 | 0.087/0.552 | 5 | 4 | 0.484/0.830 | 3 | 6 | 1.000/1.000 | 6 | 3 | 0.103/0.412 |
Deep | 8 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 5 | 12 | 5 | 12 | |||||
NF1 | No | 12 | 4 | 0.108/0.324 | 8 | 8 | 0.619/0.928 | 5 | 11 | 1.000/1.000 | 9 | 7 | 0.109/0.262 |
Yes | 4 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 8 |
SLC2A1 | HIF1A | VEGFA | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | Low | High | p-Value/ q-Value | ||
HIF1A | Low | 9 | 3 | 0.191/0.573 | N/A | N/A | ||||
High | 7 | 7 | ||||||||
VEGFA | Low | 6 | 2 | 0.419/0.628 | 5 | 3 | 0.265/0.530 | N/A | ||
High | 10 | 8 | 7 | 11 | ||||||
CA9 | Low | 10 | 1 | 0.014/0.084 | 5 | 6 | 0.951/1.000 | 3 | 8 | 1.000/1.000 |
High | 6 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 10 |
Variable | AUC | ±95% CI | Cut-Off | p-Value | q-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NLR | 0.76 | 0.57–0.95 | 0.24 | 0.007 | 0.017 |
PLR | 0.69 | 0.49–0.90 | 0.45 | 0.062 | 0.103 |
LMR | 0.66 | 0.44–0.88 | 3.88 | 0.149 | 0.149 |
CRP | 0.78 | 0.57–0.99 | 31 mg/L | 0.007 | 0.035 |
LDH | 0.66 | 0.44–0.88 | 0.99 | 0.144 | 0.180 |
Variable | 2-Year RFS [%] | 10-Year RFS [%] | Log-Rank p-Value | Log-Rank q-Value | Multivariate Cox Regression | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low | High | Low | High | HR | 95% CI | p-Value | |||
SLC2A1 | 67 | 20 | 59 | 0 | 0.007 | 0.021 | 3.31 | 1.08–10.09 | 0.036 |
HIF1A | 67 | 31 | 58 | 11 | 0.176 | 0.264 | * | ||
CA9 | 55 | 43 | 55 | 22 | 0.275 | 0.275 | * | ||
VEGFA | 75 | 36 | 75 | 16 | 0.005 | 0.030 | 4.40 | 0.95–20.34 | 0.058 |
NLR | 75 | 35 | 75 | 17 | 0.009 | 0.018 | * | ||
CRP | 50 | 44 | 50 | 11 | 0.206 | 0.247 | * | ||
2-year OS [%] | 10-year OS [%] | ||||||||
SLC2A1 | 94 | 40 | 82 | 10 | <0.001 | 0.036 | 12.20 | 2.55–58.33 | 0.002 |
HIF1A | 92 | 57 | 79 | 23 | 0.016 | 0.024 | * | ||
CA9 | 82 | 67 | 82 | 37 | 0.161 | 0.193 | * | ||
VEGFA | 88 | 66 | 73 | 38 | 0.194 | 0.194 | * | ||
NLR | 100 | 60 | 100 | 31 | 0.007 | 0.014 | * | ||
CRP | 82 | 56 | 82 | 11 | 0.003 | 0.009 | * |
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Krawczyk, M.A.; Kunc, M.; Styczewska, M.; Gabrych, A.; Karpinsky, G.; Izycka-Swieszewska, E.; Bien, E. High Expression of Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 (SLC2A1) in Cancer Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Diagnostics 2021, 11, 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11040598
Krawczyk MA, Kunc M, Styczewska M, Gabrych A, Karpinsky G, Izycka-Swieszewska E, Bien E. High Expression of Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 (SLC2A1) in Cancer Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor. Diagnostics. 2021; 11(4):598. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11040598
Chicago/Turabian StyleKrawczyk, Malgorzata A., Michal Kunc, Malgorzata Styczewska, Anna Gabrych, Gabrielle Karpinsky, Ewa Izycka-Swieszewska, and Ewa Bien. 2021. "High Expression of Solute Carrier Family 2 Member 1 (SLC2A1) in Cancer Cells Is an Independent Unfavorable Prognostic Factor in Pediatric Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor" Diagnostics 11, no. 4: 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11040598