Biochemical and Morphological Mechanisms Underlying the Performance and Preference of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Wheat and Faba Bean Plants
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insects
2.2. Plants
2.3. Adaptability Assays
2.4. Plant Leaf Nutrients and Metabolites Analyses
2.5. Oviposition Preference Tests
2.6. Y-Tube Olfactometer Bioassays
2.7. Morphological Characteristics of Plant Leaves
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Developmental Duration of S. frugiperda on Wheat and Faba Bean Leaves
3.2. Survival Rate of S. frugiperda Larvae on Wheat and Faba Bean Leaves
3.3. Pupal Weight of S. frugiperda after Reared on Wheat and Faba Bean Leaves
3.4. Contents of Biochemical Components in Wheat and Faba Bean Leaves
3.5. Oviposition Preference of S. frugiperda Female Moths to Host Species
3.6. Preference of S. frugiperda Female Moths to Volatiles Emitted from Two Host Species
3.7. Observation of Trichome Types and Density on Wheat and Faba Bean Leaves
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stage | Wheat | Faba Bean | Significant | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | Days | n | Days | ||
Egg | 100 | 2.00 ± 0.00 | 100 | 2.00 ± 0.00 | ns |
Larva | |||||
1st instar | 100 | 2.23 ± 0.045 | 100 | 5.09 ± 0.16 | *** |
2nd instar | 100 | 2.32 ± 0.053 | 69 | 4.32 ± 0.21 | *** |
3rd instar | 100 | 2.60 ± 0.065 | 39 | 5.31 ± 0.29 | *** |
4th instar | 99 | 2.54 ± 0.056 | 34 | 4.03 ± 0.21 | *** |
5th instar | 99 | 2.56 ± 0.071 | 30 | 4.03 ± 0.23 | *** |
6th instar | 96 | 2.01 ± 0.060 | 27 | 3.22 ± 0.26 | *** |
Pupa | 86 | 7.91 ± 0.13 | 25 | 7.40 ± 0.40 | ns |
Adult | 80 | 5.83 ± 0.10 | 20 | 5.90 ± 0.25 | ns |
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Liu, H.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, X.; Francis, F.; Wang, Q.; Liu, X.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, J. Biochemical and Morphological Mechanisms Underlying the Performance and Preference of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Wheat and Faba Bean Plants. Insects 2022, 13, 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040317
Liu H, Cheng Y, Wang X, Francis F, Wang Q, Liu X, Zhang Y, Chen J. Biochemical and Morphological Mechanisms Underlying the Performance and Preference of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Wheat and Faba Bean Plants. Insects. 2022; 13(4):317. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040317
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Huan, Yumeng Cheng, Xiaoqing Wang, Frédéric Francis, Qian Wang, Xiaobei Liu, Yong Zhang, and Julian Chen. 2022. "Biochemical and Morphological Mechanisms Underlying the Performance and Preference of Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) on Wheat and Faba Bean Plants" Insects 13, no. 4: 317. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040317