Screening and Identification of Protease-Producing Microorganisms in the Gut of Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Insects’ Collection and Dissection
2.2. Screening of Proteolytic Bacteria
2.3. Morphological, Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Identification of Bacteria
2.4. Whole-Genome Analysis of Proteolytic Bacteria
3. Results
3.1. Screening and Identification of Proteolytic Bacteria
3.2. Analysis of Proteolytic Bacteria through Whole-Genome Sequencing
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Strains | Priestia aryabhattai B8W22 | Priestia aryabhattai UASWS 1812-B29 | Priestia megaterium ATCC 14581 | Priestia megaterium P-NA14 |
---|---|---|---|---|
DBM-1 | 64.1 | 91.9 | 72.8 | 72.6 |
DX-3 | 64.2 | 73.4 | 74.7 | 90.2 |
DX-4 | 63.9 | 91.4 | 72.9 | 72.4 |
Strain | Serratia surfactantfaciens YD25 | Serratia ureilytica T6 | Serratia marcescens ATCC13880 | Serratia nematodiphila DZ0503SBS1 |
DBM-5 | 96.3 | 25.5 | 56.5 | 56.9 |
Genome Information | DBM-1 | DX-3 | DX-4 | DBM-5 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Genome size/bp | 4,894,934 | 5,042,448 | 5,135,523 | 5,036,594 |
GC/% | 37.79 | 38.04 | 37.66 | 59.72 |
CDS/ratio (%) | 4963/83.2 | 5130/83.67 | 5222/82.17 | 4667/88.54 |
rRNA | 12 | 23 | 7 | 12 |
tRNA | 45 | 107 | 35 | 80 |
ncRNA | 7 | 7 | 7 | 19 |
Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters | Strains/Similarity | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolite Type | Nucleotide Length/bp | Similar Gene Clusters/Type | DBM-1 | DX-3 | DX-4 | DBM-5 |
terpene | 20,819 | surfactin/NRP:lipopeptide | +/13% | +/13% | +/13% | — |
terpene | 20,849 | carotenoid/terpene | +/50% | +/50% | +/50% | — |
NI-siderophore | 16,576 | schizokinen/other | +/100% | +/50% | +/62% | — |
lassopeptide | 23,919 | paeninodin/RiPP | +/60% | +/60% | +/80% | — |
T3PKS | 41,086 | — | + | + | + | — |
terpene | 21,869 | — | + | + | + | — |
phosphonate | 17,423 | — | + | — | + | — |
lanthipeptide-class-i | 16,669 | paenicidin A/RiPP:lanthipeptide | +/28% | — | — | — |
lanthipeptide-class-i | 23,288 | — | — | — | + | — |
prodigiosin | 35,021 | prodigiosin/polyketide | — | — | — | +/100% |
thiopeptide | 26,440 | o-antigen/saccharide | — | — | — | +/14% |
opine-like-metallophore | 22,098 | yersinopine/other | — | — | — | +/100% |
RRE-containing | 20,279 | synechobactin C9/C11/13/14/16/A/B/C (other) | — | — | — | +/9% |
NRPS | 47,380 | viobactin/NPR | — | — | — | +/46% |
NRPS | 45,787 | — | — | — | — | — |
betalactone | 25,668 | — | — | — | — | — |
NRP-metallophore | 51,398 | trichrysobactin/cyclic trichrysobactin/chrysobactin/dichrysobactin (NRP) | — | — | — | +/46% |
NRPS butyrolactone | 59,588 | rhizomide A/B/C (NRP) | — | — | — | +/100% |
Proteases | DBM-1 | DX-3 | DX-4 | DBM-5 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Serine protease EC 3.4.21.53 | ctg00001_001478 | ctg00002_001384 | ctg00001_002979 | ctg00001_000175 | |
Pepsin EC 3.4.23.3 | ctg00001_001049 | ctg00002_001814 | ctg00001_002548 | ctg00002_002628 | |
Trypsin | EC 3.4.21.1 | ctg00004_004107 | ctg00006_003884 | ctg00003_004439 | ctg00002_00254 |
EC 3.4.21.2 | ctg00001_001383 | ||||
Cysteine protease | |||||
Metalloprotease |
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Zheng, X.; Zhao, L.; Wu, F.; Zhou, H.; Shi, F. Screening and Identification of Protease-Producing Microorganisms in the Gut of Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). Insects 2024, 15, 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15080629
Zheng X, Zhao L, Wu F, Zhou H, Shi F. Screening and Identification of Protease-Producing Microorganisms in the Gut of Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae). Insects. 2024; 15(8):629. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15080629
Chicago/Turabian StyleZheng, Xiang, Lu Zhao, Fangtong Wu, He Zhou, and Fuming Shi. 2024. "Screening and Identification of Protease-Producing Microorganisms in the Gut of Gryllotalpa orientalis (Orthoptera: Gryllotalpidae)" Insects 15, no. 8: 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects15080629