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Volume 13
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10.3390/pathogens13090795
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Article

Characterising the Metabolomic Diversity and Biological Potentials of Extracts from Different Parts of Two Cistus Species Using UHPLC-MS/MS and In Vitro Techniques

by
Shakeel Ahmed
1,
Gokhan Zengin
1,*,
Selami Selvi
2,
Gunes Ak
1,
Zoltán Cziáky
3,
József Jekő
3,
Maria J. Rodrigues
4,
Luisa Custodio
4,
Roberto Venanzoni
5,
Giancarlo Angeles Flores
5,
Gaia Cusumano
5 and
Paola Angelini
5,*
1
Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya 42130, Turkey
2
Department of Plant and Animal Production, Altınoluk Vocational School, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir 10870, Turkey
3
Agricultural and Molecular Research and Service Institute, University of Nyíregyháza, 4400 Nyíregyháza, Hungary
4
Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
5
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06122 Perugia, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pathogens 2024, 13(9), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090795
Submission received: 20 August 2024 / Revised: 10 September 2024 / Accepted: 12 September 2024 / Published: 13 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Fungal Pathogens)
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Abstract

This study investigates the biochemical composition and biological properties of different parts (leaves, roots, and twigs) of two Cistus species (Cistus monspeliasis and Cistus parviflorus). The extracts were analysed using UHPLC-MS/MS to determine their chemical profiling. A range of antioxidant assays were performed to evaluate the extract’s antioxidant capabilities. The enzyme inhibition studies focused on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, and α-glucosidase and tyrosinase. In addition, the study examined the antimicrobial effects on different bacteria and yeasts and evaluated the toxicity using the MTT assay. Quinic acid, citric acid, gallic acid, catechin, quercetin derivatives, kaempferol, myricetin, ellagic acid, prodelphinidins, procyanidins, scopoletin, and flavogallonic acid dilactone are the main bioactive compounds found in both species. In enzyme inhibition assays, C. monspeliasis roots exhibited significant activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with the values of 2.58 ± 0.02 mg GALAE/g and 11.37 ± 1.93 mg GALAE/g, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies showed mostly weak toxicity, with some samples moderately reducing viability in RAW and HepG2 cells. These findings underscore the diverse biochemical profiles and bioactive potential of Cistus species, suggesting their utility as natural sources of antioxidants and enzyme inhibitors for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical development.
Keywords: C. monspeliasis; C. parviflorus; chemical profiling; antioxidants; enzyme inhibition C. monspeliasis; C. parviflorus; chemical profiling; antioxidants; enzyme inhibition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ahmed, S.; Zengin, G.; Selvi, S.; Ak, G.; Cziáky, Z.; Jekő, J.; Rodrigues, M.J.; Custodio, L.; Venanzoni, R.; Flores, G.A.; et al. Characterising the Metabolomic Diversity and Biological Potentials of Extracts from Different Parts of Two Cistus Species Using UHPLC-MS/MS and In Vitro Techniques. Pathogens 2024, 13, 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090795

AMA Style

Ahmed S, Zengin G, Selvi S, Ak G, Cziáky Z, Jekő J, Rodrigues MJ, Custodio L, Venanzoni R, Flores GA, et al. Characterising the Metabolomic Diversity and Biological Potentials of Extracts from Different Parts of Two Cistus Species Using UHPLC-MS/MS and In Vitro Techniques. Pathogens. 2024; 13(9):795. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090795

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmed, Shakeel, Gokhan Zengin, Selami Selvi, Gunes Ak, Zoltán Cziáky, József Jekő, Maria J. Rodrigues, Luisa Custodio, Roberto Venanzoni, Giancarlo Angeles Flores, and et al. 2024. "Characterising the Metabolomic Diversity and Biological Potentials of Extracts from Different Parts of Two Cistus Species Using UHPLC-MS/MS and In Vitro Techniques" Pathogens 13, no. 9: 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090795

APA Style

Ahmed, S., Zengin, G., Selvi, S., Ak, G., Cziáky, Z., Jekő, J., Rodrigues, M. J., Custodio, L., Venanzoni, R., Flores, G. A., Cusumano, G., & Angelini, P. (2024). Characterising the Metabolomic Diversity and Biological Potentials of Extracts from Different Parts of Two Cistus Species Using UHPLC-MS/MS and In Vitro Techniques. Pathogens, 13(9), 795. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13090795

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