Arc-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity Regulates Cognitive Function in a Migraine Mouse Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animal
2.2. Grouping and Modeling
2.3. Behavioral Assessment
2.4. Mechanical Pain Threshold
2.5. Facial Wiping
2.6. Novel Object Recognition (NOR)
2.7. Attentional Set-Shifting (ASS)
2.8. Cell Culture
2.9. Western Blot (WB)
2.10. Immunofluorescence Staining
2.11. Golgi–Cox Staining
2.12. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
2.13. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Mechanical Threshold and Spontaneous Head Scratching
3.2. Novel Object Recognition Test and Attention Set-Shifting Test
3.3. Molecular Detection
3.4. Synapse Morphology and Structure
4. Discussion
4.1. Repeated Administration of Dural Inflammatory Stimuli Induces Cognitive Impairment in Mice
4.2. Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity Is Impaired in Cognitively Impaired Mice
4.3. Induction of Arc Overexpression in Neuronal Cells Causes Molecular Changes Similar to Those in Cognitively Impaired Mice
4.4. Arc Inhibition with Memantine Restores Cognitive Impairment and Synaptic Plasticity to Varying Degrees in Mice, but Sumatriptan Has Little Effect
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hu, L.; Gong, Q.; Zhou, Y.; Wang, Y.; Qiu, T.; Fang, Y.; Huang, W.; Liang, J.; Xiao, Z. Arc-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity Regulates Cognitive Function in a Migraine Mouse Model. Brain Sci. 2023, 13, 331. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020331
Hu L, Gong Q, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Qiu T, Fang Y, Huang W, Liang J, Xiao Z. Arc-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity Regulates Cognitive Function in a Migraine Mouse Model. Brain Sciences. 2023; 13(2):331. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020331
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Luyu, Qiaoyu Gong, Yanjie Zhou, Yajuan Wang, Tao Qiu, Yuting Fang, Wanbin Huang, Jingjing Liang, and Zheman Xiao. 2023. "Arc-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity Regulates Cognitive Function in a Migraine Mouse Model" Brain Sciences 13, no. 2: 331. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13020331