Influence of Psychological Biomarkers on Therapeutic Adherence by Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Moderated Mediation Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Instruments
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Clinic Variables
3.2. Correlation Analysis
3.3. Mediation Analysis
3.4. Moderated Mediation Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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M (SD) | Adherence to Physical Activity M (SD) | r (p) | Adherence to Diet M (SD) | r (p) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 55.1 (11.6) | 925.9 (1130.2) | −0.08 (0.112) | 8.1 (2.3) | 0.18 (<0.001) |
BMI | 30.8 (5.2) | 925.9 (1130.2) | −0.17 (<0.001) | 8.1 (2.3) | −0.11 (0.025) |
Total N (%) | Adherence to physical activity M (SD) | t/F (p) | Adherence to diet M (SD) | t/F (p) | |
Gender Male Female | 252 (61.0) 161 (39.0) | 1027.1 (1228.5) 767.5 (938.2) | t(1, 398.052) = 2.43 (0.016) | 7.9 (2.3) 8.5 (2.3) | t(1, 411) = −2.92 (0.004) |
Marital status With partner Without partner | 321 (77.7) 92 (22.3) | 905.4 (1126.3) 997.6 (1147.3) | t(1, 411) = 0.69 (0.491) | 8.2 (2.2) 7.9 (2.6) | t(1, 133.560) = −1.09 (0.279) |
Education Low Medium High | 182 (44.1) 118 (28.6) 113 (27.3) | 883.7 (997.2) 941.8 (1241.7) 977.3 (1214.7) | F(2, 410) = 0.25 (0.775) | 8.4 (2.2) 7.9 (2.2) 8.0 (2.6) | F(2, 410) = 2.50 (0.083) |
Employment Working Not working | 198 (47.9) 215 (52.1) | 947.8 (1269.5) 905.7 (987.4) | t(1, 411) = 0.38 (0.706) | 7.9 (2.3) 8.4 (2.3) | t(1, 411) = −2.25 (0.025) |
NASH Absence Presence | 178 (43.1) 235 (56.9) | 955.4 (1210.8) 903.6 (1067.3) | t(1, 411) = 0.46 (0.646) | 8.3 (2.4) 8.0 (2.2) | t(1, 411) = 1.37 (0.170) |
Significant fibrosis Absence Presence | 257 (62.2) 156 (37.8) | 954.7 (1233.4) 878.5 (937.7) | t(1, 411) = 0.66 (0.508) | 8.1 (2.3) 8.1 (2.3) | t(1, 411) = −0.09 (0.927) |
Type 2 Diabetes Absence Presence | 279 (67.5) 134 (32.4) | 914.0 (1135.2) 950.8 (1123.6) | t(1, 411) = 0.31 (0.757) | 8.1 (2.3) 8.2 (2.4) | t(1, 411) = −0.23 (0.815) |
Obesity Absence Presence | 198 (47.9) 215 (52.1) | 1128.7 (1265.3) 739.2 (955.3) | t(1, 365.427) = 3.51 (0.001) | 8.4 (2.3) 7.9 (2.3) | t(1, 411) = 2.06 (0.040) |
Variables | M (SD) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Adherence to physical activity | 925.9 (1130.2) | 1 | 0.21 *** | 0.19 *** | 0.16 ** | 0.18 *** | −0.19 *** |
2. Adherence to diet | 8.1 (2.3) | 0.21 *** | 1 | 0.09 | 0.22 *** | 0.18 *** | −0.20 *** |
3. Physical quality of life | 46.9 (10.5) | 0.19 *** | 0.09 | 1 | 0.34 *** | 0.46 *** | −0.52 *** |
4. Social support | 5.9 (1.2) | 0.16 ** | 0.22 *** | 0.34 *** | 1 | 0.56 *** | −0.56 *** |
5. Self-efficacy | 64.7 (18.8) | 0.18 *** | 0.18 *** | 0.46 *** | 0.56 *** | 1 | −0.70 *** |
6. Depressive symptoms | 2.8 (3.8) | −0.19 *** | −0.20 *** | −0.52 *** | −0.56 *** | −0.70 *** | 1 |
Self-Efficacy | Effect (SE) | t (p) | Bootstrapped 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Low: 45.6 (M − 1 SD) | −0.147 (0.016) | −9.06 (<0.001) | −0.179 | −0.115 |
Medium: 64.7 (M) | −0.061 (0.014) | −4.34 (<0.001) | −0.089 | −0.033 |
High: 83.8 (M + 1 SD) | 0.025 (0.020) | 1.25 (0.210) | −0.014 | 0.064 |
Self-Efficacy | Effect (BootSE) | Bootstrapped 95% CI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Effect 1 | Low: 45.6 (M − 1 SD) | 5.043 (1.957) | 1.391 | 8.915 |
Effect 2 | Medium: 64.7 (M) | 2.091 (0.904) | 0.509 | 3.963 |
Effect 3 | High: 83.8 (M + 1 SD) | −0.861 (0.912) | −3.030 | 0.534 |
Effect 2 − Effect 1 | −2.952 (1.230) | −5.513 | −0.760 | |
Effect 3 − Effect 1 | −5.903 (2.460) | −10.969 | −1.520 | |
Effect 3 − Effect 2 | −2.952 (1.230) | −5.513 | −0.760 |
Self-Efficacy | Effect (SE) | t (p) | Bootstrapped 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Low: 45.6 (M − 1 SD) | −1.060 (0.134) | −7.92 (<0.001) | −1.323 | −0.797 |
Medium: 64.7 (M) | −0.549 (0.128) | −4.30 (<0.001) | −0.799 | −0.298 |
High: 83.8 (M + 1 SD) | −0.037 (0.177) | −0.21 (0.832) | −0.385 | 0.310 |
Self-Efficacy | Effect (BootSE) | Bootstrapped 95% CI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||
Effect 1 | Low: 45.6 (M − 1 SD) | 0.090 (0.042) | 0.013 | 0.177 |
Effect 2 | Medium: 64.7 (M) | 0.047 (0.023) | 0.006 | 0.097 |
Effect 3 | High: 83.8 (M + 1 SD) | 0.003 (0.015) | −0.027 | 0.036 |
Effect 2 − Effect 1 | −0.043 (0.021) | −0.088 | −0.006 | |
Effect 3 − Effect 1 | −0.087 (0.042) | −0.176 | −0.013 | |
Effect 3 − Effect 2 | −0.043 (0.021) | −0.088 | −0.006 |
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Funuyet-Salas, J.; Martín-Rodríguez, A.; Pérez-San-Gregorio, M.Á.; Romero-Gómez, M. Influence of Psychological Biomarkers on Therapeutic Adherence by Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Moderated Mediation Model. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102208
Funuyet-Salas J, Martín-Rodríguez A, Pérez-San-Gregorio MÁ, Romero-Gómez M. Influence of Psychological Biomarkers on Therapeutic Adherence by Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Moderated Mediation Model. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(10):2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102208
Chicago/Turabian StyleFunuyet-Salas, Jesús, Agustín Martín-Rodríguez, María Ángeles Pérez-San-Gregorio, and Manuel Romero-Gómez. 2021. "Influence of Psychological Biomarkers on Therapeutic Adherence by Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Moderated Mediation Model" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10: 2208. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102208