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Article

Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado

by
Vagner do Nascimento
1,
Orivaldo Arf
2,
Marlene Cristina Alves
3,
Epitácio José de Souza
4,
Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva
5,
Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko
6,
Arshad Jalal
3,
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira
3,
Michelle Traete Sabundjian
7,
Samuel Ferrari
1,
Fernando de Souza Buzo
2 and
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
3,*
1
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil
2
Food Technology and Social Economy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Crop Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
3
Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
4
Faculty Unibras of Goiás, Rio Verde 75909-310, GO, Brazil
5
Precision Agriculture, Chapadão Foundation, Chapadão do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil
6
Agronomy, Campus of Iturama, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Iturama 38280-000, MG, Brazil
7
Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Social and Agrarian Sciences of Itapeva, Itapeva 18409-010, SP, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Agriculture 2022, 12(5), 616; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050616
Submission received: 21 March 2022 / Revised: 22 April 2022 / Accepted: 22 April 2022 / Published: 27 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cover Crops - Series II)
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Abstract

Core Ideas: (1) Superficial soil compaction in a no-tillage system. (2) Cultivation of cover crops in succession with annual crops. (3) Soil decompression with cultivation of the predecessor soil cover. (4) Unpacking soil with mechanical chiseling. (5) Biological chiseling with the cover crop effect on the common bean yield. Mechanical soil intervention with a chisel in cover crops (CC) is a promising alternative strategy to minimize superficial compaction of soil in a no-tillage system (NTS) of the Brazilian Cerrado. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical chiseling associated with successor and predecessor cover crops on agronomic components and the grain yield of the common bean in NTS for two consecutive years. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of five cover crops (Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Urochloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum and fallow), associated or not with soil mechanical chiseling. The results indicated that cultivation of C. juncea and U. ruziziensis as cover crops increased the initial and the final plant population and the number of pods plant−1 of the common bean. The cultivation of P. glaucum as a predecessor crop with chiseling was observed with greater shoot dry matter and a greater number of grains pod−1 and plant−1 of the common bean while C. cajan and C. juncea have increased leaf N content in the common bean. The predecessor crops of C. juncea and P. glaucum with chiseling increased the grain yield of the “winter” common bean in succession. Therefore, cultivation of C. juncea and P. glaucum as predecessor crops along with chiseling are considered a sustainable strategy for improving the growth and the yield of successive crops in a no-tillage system of the Brazilian Cerrado.
Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Pennisetum glaucum; Crotalaria juncea; soil compaction; Urochloa ruziziensis; green manure Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Pennisetum glaucum; Crotalaria juncea; soil compaction; Urochloa ruziziensis; green manure

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Nascimento, V.d.; Arf, O.; Alves, M.C.; Souza, E.J.d.; Silva, P.R.T.d.; Kaneko, F.H.; Jalal, A.; Oliveira, C.E.d.S.; Sabundjian, M.T.; Ferrari, S.; et al. Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado. Agriculture 2022, 12, 616. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050616

AMA Style

Nascimento Vd, Arf O, Alves MC, Souza EJd, Silva PRTd, Kaneko FH, Jalal A, Oliveira CEdS, Sabundjian MT, Ferrari S, et al. Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado. Agriculture. 2022; 12(5):616. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050616

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nascimento, Vagner do, Orivaldo Arf, Marlene Cristina Alves, Epitácio José de Souza, Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva, Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko, Arshad Jalal, Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira, Michelle Traete Sabundjian, Samuel Ferrari, and et al. 2022. "Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado" Agriculture 12, no. 5: 616. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050616

APA Style

Nascimento, V. d., Arf, O., Alves, M. C., Souza, E. J. d., Silva, P. R. T. d., Kaneko, F. H., Jalal, A., Oliveira, C. E. d. S., Sabundjian, M. T., Ferrari, S., Buzo, F. d. S., & Teixeira Filho, M. C. M. (2022). Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado. Agriculture, 12(5), 616. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12050616

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