Finite Element Simulation Parameter Calibration and Verification for Stem Cutting of Hydroponic Chinese Kale
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Mechanical Parameters Measurement Test
2.3. Simulation Calibration Test
2.4. Cutting FEM Simulation and Test Validation
2.4.1. Cutting Simulation Model and Method
2.4.2. Cutting Test Platform and Method
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Mechanical Parameters Measurement Test Result
3.2. Simulation Calibration Test Result
3.3. Cutting FEM Simulation and Test Validation Result
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factor Level | X1 | X2 | X3 |
---|---|---|---|
−1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.06 |
0 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 |
1 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.08 |
No. | X1 | X2 | X3 | Max Shear Force/N | Deviation/N |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 9.73 | 1.77 |
2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 9.96 | 1.54 |
3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.07 | 8.58 | 2.92 |
4 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.08 | 12.15 | 0.65 |
5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 11.16 | 0.34 |
6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.08 | 12.78 | 1.28 |
7 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 11.87 | 0.37 |
8 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 10.76 | 0.74 |
9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.07 | 11.81 | 0.31 |
10 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.06 | 9.15 | 2.35 |
11 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.06 | 9.02 | 2.48 |
12 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.08 | 11.94 | 0.44 |
13 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.06 | 10.15 | 1.35 |
14 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.08 | 10.98 | 0.52 |
15 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.06 | 10.24 | 1.26 |
16 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 11.04 | 0.46 |
17 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.07 | 10.95 | 0.55 |
Source | Sum of Squares | df | Mean Square | F-Value | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | 21.03 | 9 | 2.34 | 9.50 | 0.0036 |
X1 | 8.53 | 1 | 8.53 | 34.66 | 0.0006 |
X2 | 0.8128 | 1 | 0.8128 | 3.30 | 0.1120 |
X3 | 10.79 | 1 | 10.79 | 43.85 | 0.0003 |
X1X2 | 0.2970 | 1 | 0.2970 | 1.21 | 0.3082 |
X1X3 | 0.1260 | 1 | 0.1260 | 0.5122 | 0.4974 |
X2X3 | 0.2116 | 1 | 0.2116 | 0.8600 | 0.3846 |
X12 | 0.0973 | 1 | 0.0973 | 0.3954 | 0.5494 |
X22 | 0.0653 | 1 | 0.0653 | 0.2653 | 0.6224 |
X32 | 0.1153 | 1 | 0.1153 | 0.4687 | 0.5156 |
Residual | 1.72 | 7 | 0.2460 | ||
Lack of fit | 0.8087 | 3 | 0.2696 | 1.18 | 0.4222 |
Pure error | 0.9135 | 4 | 0.2284 | ||
Total | 22.75 | 16 |
Parameters | Value |
---|---|
Axial modulus of elasticity/MPa | 6.22 |
Axial Poisson’s ratio | 0.46 |
Axial shear modulus/MPa | 1.65 |
Radial modulus of elasticity/MPa | 3.56 |
Radial Poisson’s ratio | 0.44 |
Radial shear modulus/MPa | 0.8 |
Failure strain | 0.08 |
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Xia, H.; Li, L.; Deng, C.; Zhu, S.; Chen, J.; Yang, T.; Huang, R.; Zhen, W. Finite Element Simulation Parameter Calibration and Verification for Stem Cutting of Hydroponic Chinese Kale. Agriculture 2024, 14, 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030422
Xia H, Li L, Deng C, Zhu S, Chen J, Yang T, Huang R, Zhen W. Finite Element Simulation Parameter Calibration and Verification for Stem Cutting of Hydroponic Chinese Kale. Agriculture. 2024; 14(3):422. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030422
Chicago/Turabian StyleXia, Hongmei, Liuquan Li, Chuheng Deng, Shicheng Zhu, Jieqing Chen, Teng Yang, Runxin Huang, and Wenbin Zhen. 2024. "Finite Element Simulation Parameter Calibration and Verification for Stem Cutting of Hydroponic Chinese Kale" Agriculture 14, no. 3: 422. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030422