Au Nanoparticles (NPs) Decorated Co Doped ZnO Semiconductor (Co400-ZnO/Au) Nanocomposites for Novel SERS Substrates
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Reagents and Materials
2.2. Synthesis of ZnO/Au
2.3. Synthesis of Co-ZnO
2.4. Synthesis of Co400-ZnO/Au
2.5. SERS Measurement
2.6. Instrumentation
2.7. Calculation Methods
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Characterization of Co-ZnO
3.2. Characterization of Co-ZnO/Au
3.3. Simulation of Electromagnetic Field Enhancement
3.4. Co400-ZnO/Au-Based SERS Detection of Tyr
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Yang, Y.; Li, Z.Y.; Yamaguchi, K.; Tanemura, M.; Huang, Z.; Jiang, D.; Chen, Y.; Zhou, F.; Nogami, M. Controlled fabrication of silver nanoneedles array for SERS and their application in rapid detection of narcotics. Nanoscale 2012, 4, 2663–2669. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chen, A.; DePrince, A.E.; Demortiere, A.; Joshi-Imre, A.; Shevchenko, E.V.; Gray, S.K.; Welp, U.; Vlasko-Vlasov, V.K. Self-assembled large Au nanoparticle arrays with regular hot spots for SERS. Small 2011, 7, 2365–2371. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sun, M.; Fang, Y.; Yang, Z.; Xu, H. Chemical and electromagnetic mechanisms of tip-enhanced Raman scattering. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2009, 11, 9412–9419. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- He, Z.; Voronine, D.V.; Sinyukov, A.M.; Liege, Z.N.; Birmingham, B.; Sokolov, A.V.; Zhang, Z. Scully MO Tip-Enhanced Raman Scattering on Bulk MoS2 Substrate. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2017, 23, 113–118. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jeong, D.H.; Suh, J.S.; Moskovits, M. Enhanced photochemistry of 2-aminopyridine adsorbed on silver colloid surfaces. J. Raman. Spectrosc. 2001, 32, 1026–1031. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhao, X.; Liu, S.; Li, Y.; Chen, M. DFT study of chemical mechanism of pre-SERS spectra in Pyrazine-metal complex and metal-Pyrazine-metal junction. Spectrochim. Acta. Part A 2010, 75, 794–798. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guerrini, L.; Graham, D. Molecularly-mediated assemblies of plasmonic nanoparticles for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2012, 41, 7085–7107. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Vigderman, L.; Khanal, B.P.; Zubarev, E.R. Functional gold nanorods: Synthesis, self-assembly, and sensing applications. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 4811–4841. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhai, Y.; Zheng, Y.; Ma, Z.; Cai, Y.; Wang, F.; Guo, X.; Wen, Y.; Yang, H. Synergistic Enhancement Effect for Boosting Raman Detection Sensitivity of Antibiotics. ACS Sens. 2019, 4, 2958–2965. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Qi, D.; Lu, L.; Wang, L.; Zhang, J. Improved SERS sensitivity on plasmon-free TiO2 photonic microarray by enhancing light-matter coupling. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 9886–9889. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alessandri, I.; Lombardi, J.R. Enhanced Raman Scattering with Dielectrics. Chem. Rev. 2016, 116, 14921–14981. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cong, S.; Yuan, Y.; Chen, Z.; Hou, J.; Yang, M.; Su, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Li, L.; Li, Q.; Geng, F.; et al. Noble metal-comparable SERS enhancement from semiconducting metal oxides by making oxygen vacancies. Nat. Commun. 2015, 6, 7800. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Wang, X.; Shi, W.; Jin, Z.; Huang, W.; Lin, J.; Ma, G.; Li, S.; Guo, L. Remarkable SERS Activity Observed from Amorphous ZnO Nanocages. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2017, 56, 9851–9855. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lin, J.; Shang, Y.; Li, X.; Yu, J.; Wang, X.; Guo, L. Ultrasensitive SERS Detection by Defect Engineering on Single Cu2O Superstructure Particle. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1604797. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wang, X.; Shi, W.; She, G.; Mu, L. Using Si and Ge nanostructures as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering based on photoinduced charge transfer mechanism. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 16518–16523. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lin, J.; Hao, W.; Shang, Y.; Wang, X.; Qiu, D.; Ma, G.; Chen, C.; Li, S.; Guo, L. Direct Experimental Observation of Facet-Dependent SERS of Cu2O Polyhedra. Small 2018, 14, 1703274. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zong, Y.; Sun, Y.; Meng, S.; Wang, Y.; Xing, H.; Li, X.; Zheng, X. Doping effect and oxygen defects boost room temperature ferromagnetism of Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles: Experimental and theoretical studies. RSC. Adv. 2019, 9, 23012–23020. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Bhat, S.V.; Deepak, F.L. Tuning the bandgap of ZnO by substitution with Mn2+, Co2+ and Ni2+. Solid State Commun. 2005, 135, 345–347. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhong, M.; Wu, W.; Wu, H.; Guo, S. A facile way to regulating room-temperature ferromagnetic interaction in Co-doped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor by reduced graphene oxide coating. J. Alloys Compd. 2018, 765, 69–74. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Da Silva, R.T.; Mesquita, A.; De Zevallos, A.O.; Chiaramonte, T.; Gratens, X.; Chitta, V.A.; Morbec, J.M.; Rahman, G.; Garcia-Suarez, V.M.; Doriguetto, A.C.; et al. Multifunctional nanostructured Co-doped ZnO: Co spatial distribution and correlated magnetic properties. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2018, 20, 20257–20269. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shukla, P.; Tiwari, S.; Joshi, S.R.; Akshay, V.R.; Vasundhara, M.; Varma, S.; Singh, J.; Chanda, A. Investigation on structural, morphological and optical properties of Co-doped ZnO thin films. Phys. B Condens. Matter 2018, 550, 303–310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Reddy, I.N.; Reddy, C.V.; Shim, J.; Akkinepally, B.; Cho, M.; Yoo, K.; Kim, D. Excellent visible-light driven photocatalyst of (Al, Ni) co-doped ZnO structures for organic dye degradation. Catal. Today 2020, 340, 277–285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lim, S.W.; Hwang, D.K.; Myoung, J.M. Observation of optical properties related to room-temperature ferromagnetism in co-sputtered Zn12xCoxO thin fifilms. Solid State Commun. 2003, 125, 231–235. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, X.C.; Shi, E.W.; Chen, Z.Z.; Zhang, H.W.; Song, L.X.; Wang, H.; Yao, S.D. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Co-doped ZnO films. J. Cryst. Growth. 2006, 296, 135–140. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhou, X.; Luo, C.; Luo, M.; Wang, Q.; Wang, J.; Liao, Z.; Chen, Z.; Chen, Z. Understanding the synergetic effect from foreign metals in bimetallic oxides for PMS activation: A common strategy to increase the stoichiometric efficiency of oxidants. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 381, 122587. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Iqbal, A.; Zakria, M.; Mahmood, A. Structural and spectroscopic analysis of wurtzite (ZnO)1−x(Sb2O3)x composite semiconductor. Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int. 2015, 25, 131–136. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Hankare, P.P.; Chate, P.A.; Sathe, D.J.; Chavan, P.A.; Bhuse, V.M. Effect of thermal annealing on properties of zinc selenide thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 2008, 20, 374–379. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mani, G.K.; Rayappan, J.B.B. Influence of copper doping on structural, optical and sensing properties of spray deposited zinc oxide thin films. J. Alloys Compd. 2014, 582, 414–419. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Iqbal, J.; Jan, T.; Ronghai, Y. Effect of Co doping on morphology, optical and magnetic properties of ZnO1-D nanostructures. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 2013, 24, 4393–4398. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bu, I.Y. Sol–gel production of Cu/Al co-doped zinc oxide: Effect of Al co-doping concentration on its structure and optoelectronic properties. Superlattices Microstruct. 2014, 76, 115–124. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mardani, H.R.; Forouzani, M.; Ziari, M.; Biparva, P. Visible light photo-degradation of methylene blue over Fe or Cu promoted ZnO nanoparticles. Spectrochim. Acta. A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 2015, 141, 27–33. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, M.; Wang, X.; Yu, Y.H.; Pei, Z.L.; Bai, X.D.; Sun, C.; Huang, R.F.; Wen, L.S. Intrinsic limit of electrical properties of transparent conductive oxide films. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2000, 30, 2538–2548. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Prabakaran, S.; Nisha, K.D.; Harish, S.; Archana, J.; Navaneethan, M.; Ponnusamy, S.; Muthamizhchelvan, C.; Ikeda, H.; Hayakawa, Y. Synergistic effect and enhanced electrical properties of TiO2/SnO2/ZnO nanostructures as electron extraction layer for solar cell application. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2019, 498, 143702. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bharti, B.; Kumar, S.; Lee, H.N.; Kumar, R. Formation of oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ state in TiO2 thin film and enhanced optical properties by air plasma treatment. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 32355. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Yang, C.; Qin, J.; Xue, Z.; Ma, M.; Zhang, X.; Liu, R. Rational design of carbon-doped TiO2 modified g-C3N4 via in-situ heat treatment for drastically improved photocatalytic hydrogen with excellent photostability. Nano Energy 2017, 41, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shah, N.S.; Khan, J.A.; Sayed, M.; Khan, Z.U.H.; Rizwan, A.D.; Muhammad, N.; Boczkaj, G.; Murtaza, B.; Imran, M.; Khan, H.M. Solar light driven degradation of norfloxacin using as-synthesized Bi3+ and Fe2+ co-doped ZnO with the addition of HSO5−: Toxicities and degradation pathways investigation. Chem. Eng. J. Adv. 2018, 351, 841–855. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tian, N.; Zhang, Y.; Li, X.; Xiao, K.; Du, X.; Dong, F.; Waterhouse, G.I.N.; Zhang, T.; Huang, H. Precursor-reforming protocol to 3D mesoporous g-C3 N4 established by ultrathin self-doped nanosheets for superior hydrogen evolution. Nano Energy 2017, 38, 72–81. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cai, X.; Zhang, J.; Fujitsuka, M.; Majima, T. Graphitic-C3N4 hybridized N-doped La2Ti2O7 two-dimensional layered composites as efficient visible-light-driven photocatalyst. Appl. Catal. B. 2017, 202, 191–198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wang, X.; Sun, M.; Murugananthan, M.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, L. Electrochemically self-doped WO3/TiO2 nanotubes for photocatalytic degradation of volatile organic compounds. Appl. Catal. B. 2020, 260, 118205. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yan, J.; Wang, T.; Wu, G.; Dai, W.; Guan, N.; Li, L.; Gong, J. Tungsten oxide single crystal nanosheets for enhanced multichannel solar light harvesting. Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 1580–1586. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, Q.; Li, X.; Yi, W.; Li, W.; Bai, H.; Liu, J.; Xi, G. Plasmonic MoO2 Nanospheres as a Highly Sensitive and Stable Non-Noble Metal Substrate for Multicomponent Surface-Enhanced Raman Analysis. Anal. Chem. 2017, 89, 11765–11771. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xue, X.; Ruan, W.; Yang, L.; Ji, W.; Xie, Y.; Chen, L.; Song, W.; Zhao, B.; Lombardi, J.R. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of molecules adsorbed on Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Raman. Spectrosc. 2012, 43, 61–64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Liu, R.; Zhang, Y.; Duan, L.; Zhao, X. Effect of Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio on photocatalytic activities of Zn1-Fe O nanoparticles fabricated by the auto combustion method. Ceram. Int. 2020, 46, 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, D.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, S.; Cheng, Y.; Wu, Y.; Cai, Z.; Wang, X.; Shi, J.; Jiang, Z. Coordination between Electron Transfer and Molecule Diffusion through a Bioinspired Amorphous Titania Nanoshell for Photocatalytic Nicotinamide Cofactor Regeneration. ACS Catal. 2019, 9, 11492–11501. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chithira, P.R.; Theresa John, T. Correlation among oxygen vacancy and doping concentration in controlling the properties of cobalt doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2020, 496, 165928. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gao, H.; Yang, H.; Xu, J.; Zhang, S.; Li, J. Strongly Coupled g-C3 N4 Nanosheets-Co3O4 Quantum Dots as 2D/0D Heterostructure Composite for Peroxymonosulfate Activation. Small 2018, 14, 1801353. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, L.; Qin, X.; Gong, M.; Jiang, X.; Yang, M.; Li, X.; Li, G. Improving surface-enhanced Raman scattering properties of TiO2 nanoparticles by metal Co doping. Spectrochim. Acta Part A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc. 2014, 123, 224–229. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yang, L.; Zhang, Y.; Ruan, W.; Zhao, B.; Xu, W.; Lombardi, J.R. Improved surface-enhanced Raman scattering properties of TiO2 nanoparticles by Zn dopant. J. Raman. Spectrosc. 2009, 48, 721–726. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Larsen, A.G.; Holm, A.H.; Roberson, M.; Daasbjerg, K. Substituent Effects on the Oxidation and Reduction Potentials of Phenylthiyl Radicals in Acetonitrile. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 1723–1729. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bai, X.; Wang, E.G.; Gao, P.; Wang, Z. Measuring the Work Function at a Nanobelt Tip and at a Nanoparticle Surface. Nano Lett. 2003, 3, 1147–1150. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhu, J.; Zheng, W.; He, B.; Zhang, J.; Anpo, M. Characterization of Fe–TiO2 photocatalysts synthesized by hydrothermal method and their photocatalytic reactivity for photodegradation of XRG dye diluted in water. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 2004, 216, 35–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, T.; Zhu, X.; Xing, Z.; Mou, S.; Li, C.; Qiao, Y.; Liu, Q.; Luo, Y.; Shi, X.; Zhang, Y. Greatly Improving Electrochemical N2 Reduction over TiO2 Nanoparticles by Iron Doping. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2019, 58, 18449–18453. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Brus, L. Noble Metal Nanocrystals: Plasmon Electron Transfer Photochemistry and Single-Molecule Raman Spectroscopy. Accounts. Chem. Res. 2008, 41, 1742–1749. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Misra, M.; Kapur, P.; Nayak, M.K.; Singla, M. Synthesis and visible photocatalytic activities of a Au@Ag@ZnO triple layer coreshell nanostructure. New J. Chem. 2014, 38, 4197–4203. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Haldavnekar, R.; Venkatakrishnan, K.; Tan, B. Non plasmonic semiconductor quantum SERS probe as a pathway for in vitro cancer detection. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 3065. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Naik, G.V.; Boltasseva, A. Semiconductors for plasmonics and metamaterials. Phys. Status Solidi (RRL)–Rapid Res. Lett. 2010, 4, 295–297. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Kandi, D.; Martha, S.; Thirumurugan, A.; Parida, K.M. Modification of BiOI Microplates with CdS QDs for Enhancing Stability, Optical Property, Electronic Behavior toward Rhodamine B Decolorization, and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2017, 121, 4834–4849. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kandi, D.; Martha, S.; Thirumurugan, A.; Parida, K.M. CdS QDs-Decorated Self-Doped gamma-Bi2MoO6: A Sustainable and Versatile Photocatalyst toward Photoreduction of Cr(VI) and Degradation of Phenol. ACS Omega 2017, 2, 9040–9056. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Xiong, W.; Zhao, Q.; Li, X.; Wang, L. Multifunctional Plasmonic Co-Doped Fe2O3@polydopamine-Au for Adsorption, Photocatalysis, and SERS-based Sensing. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2016, 33, 602–609. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yong-ning, H.; Shi-guang, S.; Wuyuan, C.; Xin, L.; Chang-chun, Z.; Xun, H. Investigation of luminescence properties of ZnO nanowires at room temperature. Microelectron. J. 2009, 40, 517–519. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Corro, G.; Flores, J.A.; Pacheco-Aguirre, F.; Pal, U.; Banuelos, F.; Torralba, R.; Olivares-Xometl, O. Effect of the Electronic State of Cu, Ag, and Au on Diesel Soot Abatement: Performance of Cu/ZnO, Ag/ZnO, and Au/ZnO Catalysts. ACS Omega 2019, 4, 5795–5804. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Busgen, T.; Hilgendorff, M.; Irsen, S. Colloidal Cobalt-Doped ZnO Nanorods: Synthesis, Structural, and Magnetic Properties. J. Phys. Chem. C. 2008, 112, 2412–2417. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, J.; Liu, X.; Wu, S.; Cao, B.; Zheng, S. One-pot synthesis of Au-supported ZnO nanoplates with enhanced gas sensor performance. Sens. Actuators B 2012, 169, 61–66. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Deka, S.; Joy, P.A. Electronic structure and ferromagnetism of polycrystalline Zn1−xCoxO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15). Solid State Commun. 2005, 134, 665–669. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, K.-C.; Kim, E.-K.; Kim, Y.-S. Growth and physical properties of sol–gel derived Co doped ZnO thin film. Superlattices Microstruct. 2007, 42, 246–250. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, H.; Pan, S.; Poeppelmeier, K.R.; Li, H.; Jia, D.; Chen, Z.; Fan, X.; Yang, Y.; Rondinelli, J.M.; Luo, H. K3B6O10Cl: A new structure analogous to perovskite with a large second harmonic generation response and deep UV absorption edge. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7786–7790. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, L.; Peng, Y.; Yang, Y.; Liu, J.; Huang, H.; Yu, B.; Zhao, J.; Lu, Y.; Huang, Z.; Li, Z. A Novel Ultra-Sensitive Semiconductor SERS Substrate Boosted by the Coupled Resonance Effect. Adv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1900310. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ly, D.; Mayrhofer, S.; Schmidt, J.M.; Zitz, U.; Domig, K.J. Biogenic Amine Contents and Microbial Characteristics of Cambodian Fermented Foods. Foods 2020, 9, 198. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Rawles, D.D.; Flick, G.J.; Martin, R.E. Biogenic Amines in Fish and Shellfish. Adv. Food Nutr. Res. 1996, 39, 329–365. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Herrero, A.; Sanllorente, S.; Reguera, C.; Ortiz, M.C.; Sarabia, L.A. A new multiresponse optimization approach in combination with a D-Optimal experimental design for the determination of biogenic amines in fish by HPLC-FLD. Anal. Chim. Acta 2016, 945, 31–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Guo, K.; Ji, C.; Differentia, L.L. Differential 12C-/13C-Isotope Dansylation Labeling and Fast Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Absolute and Relative Quantification of the Metabolome. Anal. Chim. 2009, 81, 3919. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lulinski, P.; Janczura, M.; Sobiech, M.; Giebultowicz, J. Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Nano-Conjugates for Effective Extraction of Food Components-A Model Study of Tyramine Determination in Craft Beers. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 9560. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dong, F. Electrochemical non-enzymatic biosensor for tyramine detection in food based on silver-substituted ZnO nano-flower modified glassy carbon electrode. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2021, 16, 210234. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chakkarapani, L.D.; Brandl, M. Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Tyramine Using a Poly(Toluidine Blue)-Modified Carbon Screen-Printed Electrode. IEEE Sens. J. 2022, 22, 2974–2983. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kaewjua, K.; Siangproh, W. A novel tyramine sensing-based polymeric L-histidine film-coated screen-printed graphene electrode: Capability for practical applications. Electrochim. Acta 2022, 419, 140388. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Samples | ADD (umol/L) | SERS (M) (umol/L) | Recovery (%) ± SD |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 10 | 10.23 | 102.33 ± 1.03 |
2 | 1 | 0.912 | 91.20 ± 5.05 |
3 | 0.316 | 0.338 | 107.15 ± 1.84 |
4 | 0.1 | 0.095 | 95.50 ± 0.29 |
Method | Substrates | Linear Range (moL/L) | LOD (moL/L) | Real Sample | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Raman | Co400-ZnO/Au | 10−5–10−8 | 1 × 10−8 | Beer | This work |
Molecularly Imprinted | Fe3O4@SiO2-MPS@MIP | 5.4 × 10−4–1 × 10−6 | 1.8 × 10−7 | Beer | [72] |
Electrochemistry | Ag-substituted ZnO modified GCE | 9 × 10−4–1 × 10−6 | 2.72 × 10−7 | Beer | [73] |
Electrochemistry | poly-TB modified carbon SPE | 2.7 × 10−4–2 × 10−8 | 2 × 10−8 | - | [74] |
Electrochemistry | poly(His)/SPGE | 2 × 10−5–5 × 10−7 | 2.2 × 10−7 | Cheese | [75] |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Zhai, Y.; Zhao, X.; Ma, Z.; Guo, X.; Wen, Y.; Yang, H. Au Nanoparticles (NPs) Decorated Co Doped ZnO Semiconductor (Co400-ZnO/Au) Nanocomposites for Novel SERS Substrates. Biosensors 2022, 12, 1148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121148
Zhai Y, Zhao X, Ma Z, Guo X, Wen Y, Yang H. Au Nanoparticles (NPs) Decorated Co Doped ZnO Semiconductor (Co400-ZnO/Au) Nanocomposites for Novel SERS Substrates. Biosensors. 2022; 12(12):1148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121148
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhai, Yan, Xiaoyu Zhao, Zhiyuan Ma, Xiaoyu Guo, Ying Wen, and Haifeng Yang. 2022. "Au Nanoparticles (NPs) Decorated Co Doped ZnO Semiconductor (Co400-ZnO/Au) Nanocomposites for Novel SERS Substrates" Biosensors 12, no. 12: 1148. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12121148