Investigation of the Performance of Fumed Silica as Flow Additive in Polyester Powder Coatings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Preparation of the Samples
2.1.1. Preparation of Powder Samples
2.1.2. Preparation of Finished Film
2.2. Characterization of the Coating Samples
2.2.1. Characterization of Powder Paints
2.2.2. Characterization of Properties Related to Coating Process
2.2.3. Characterization of Finished Films
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Powder Properties
3.1.1. Semi-Dynamic Flowability-AOR
3.1.2. Dynamic Flowability-BE
3.2. Coating Process Related Properties
3.2.1. Transfer Efficiency
3.2.2. Anti-Faraday Cage Effect
3.2.3. Gel Time and Inclined Plate Flow
3.3. Film Properties
3.3.1. Thickness
3.3.2. Gloss
3.3.3. Surface Profile
3.3.4. DOI
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Class | Sub Class | Specification |
---|---|---|
Binder | polymer resin | Polyester |
curing agent | TGIC | |
Pigment | pigment | Carbon black |
additive | Degassing agent, Flow agent | |
filler | BaSO4 | |
Density | - | 1250 kg/m3 |
Gloss | - | Ultra-high-gloss |
Surface appearance | - | Smooth |
Cure parameters | - | 200 °C/10 min |
Properties | R812 | R972 | R8200 |
---|---|---|---|
Behavior in water | Hydrophobic | ||
Degree of hydrophobicity 2 | 60% | 40% | 50% |
Mean size/nm | 7 | 16 | 12 |
Specific surface area m2/g | 260 ± 30 | 110 ± 20 | 190 ± 25 |
Tamped density g/L | 60 | 50 | 140 |
Drying loss (2 h at 105 °C) % | <0.5% | ≤2.0 | ≤0.5 |
pH-value (4% suspension) | 5.5–8.0 | 3.6–4.4 | ≥5.0 |
Carbon content % | 2.0–3.0% | 0.6–1.2 | 2.0–4.0 |
SiO2 % | >99.8% | ≥99.8 | ≥99.8 |
Additive Used | Particle Size of Polyester Paint/μm | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
D10 3 | D50 3 | D90 3 | Span 4 | |
Control (No additive) | 11.49 | 32.45 | 63.68 | 1.608 |
R812 | 10.65 | 31.14 | 62.34 | 1.660 |
R972 | 11.64 | 32.48 | 63.43 | 1.595 |
R8200 | 11.36 | 32.32 | 63.88 | 1.625 |
Angle of Repose (AOR) | Flowability |
---|---|
25° < θ < 30° | Very free-flowing |
30° < θ < 38° | Free-flowing |
38° < θ < 45° | Fair to passable flow |
45° < θ < 55° | Cohesive |
45° < θ < 70° | Very cohesive |
Additive Used | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | Average (μm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
- | 58.0 | 55.0 | 61.0 | 58.5 | 59.0 | 60.0 | 56.0 | 65.0 | 59.5 | 59.1 |
R812 | 60.5 | 61 | 55.5 | 61.0 | 59.0 | 54.0 | 63.5 | 59 | 52.5 | 58.4 |
R972 | 55.5 | 67.5 | 63.5 | 57.0 | 66.5 | 64.0 | 56.5 | 61.5 | 65.0 | 61.8 |
R8200 | 63.5 | 64.5 | 59.0 | 60.5 | 61.0 | 59.5 | 58.0 | 63.0 | 61.0 | 61.1 |
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Xie, J.; Zhang, H.; Shao, Y.; Bao, D.; Zhang, H.; Zhu, J. Investigation of the Performance of Fumed Silica as Flow Additive in Polyester Powder Coatings. Coatings 2020, 10, 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100977
Xie J, Zhang H, Shao Y, Bao D, Zhang H, Zhu J. Investigation of the Performance of Fumed Silica as Flow Additive in Polyester Powder Coatings. Coatings. 2020; 10(10):977. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100977
Chicago/Turabian StyleXie, Junqing, Haiping Zhang, Yuanyuan Shao, Danni Bao, Hui Zhang, and Jesse Zhu. 2020. "Investigation of the Performance of Fumed Silica as Flow Additive in Polyester Powder Coatings" Coatings 10, no. 10: 977. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100977