Optimal Patterned Wettability for Microchannel Flow Boiling Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Simulation Domain Design
4. Results
4.1. Validation
4.2. Effect of Patterned Wettability
4.2.1. Pattern Ratio
4.2.2. Pattern Pitch
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
- From the viewpoint of heat transfer, the wider the hydrophobic area, the better. Therefore, an excellent heat transfer coefficient is observed on a hydrophobic surface with a high pattern ratio. At certain pattern ratios, the heat transfer coefficient is better than the uniform hydrophobic surface because the bubble nucleation-departure cycle is stable due to the pattern ratio effect.
- The amount of generated bubbles increases as the pattern pitch decreases. This is effective for surface heat transfer. However, when the pattern pitch is reduced below 0.03L0, the amount of bubbles decreases due to an insufficient hydrophobic area to generate bubbles. As bubble generation decreases, surface heat transfer also decreases. From these results, it was concluded that finding an optimal area is necessary for determining the pattern pitch.
- To optimize channel heat transfer, patterned wettability must be applied to widen the hydrophobic area while keeping the bubble nucleation-bubble departure cycle uniform. It is also necessary to use the minimum pattern pitch where many bubbles are generated. However, a pattern pitch of less than a certain size reduces the effect of the hydrophobic area and hinders the generation of individual bubbles, which adversely affects heat transfer.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
First Order Distribution Function [24]
References
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Case Name | Pattern Pitch (Lpho + Lphi) | Pattern Ratio (Lpho/Lphi) |
---|---|---|
Case 0.01–9.00 | 0.01L0 | |
Case 0.01–2.33 | ||
Case 0.01–1.00 | ||
Case 0.01–0.43 | ||
Case 0.01–0.11 | ||
Case 0.02–9.00 | 0.02L0 | |
Case 0.02–2.33 | ||
Case 0.02–1.00 | ||
Case 0.02–0.43 | ||
Case 0.02–0.11 | ||
Case 0.03–9.00 | 0.03L0 | |
Case 0.03–2.33 | ||
Case 0.03–1.00 | ||
Case 0.03–0.43 | ||
Case 0.03–0.11 | ||
Case 0.04–9.00 | 0.04L0 | |
Case 0.04–2.33 | ||
Case 0.04–1.00 | ||
Case 0.04–0.43 | ||
Case 0.04–0.11 | ||
Case 0.05–9.00 | 0.05L0 | |
Case 0.05–2.33 | ||
Case 0.05–1.00 | ||
Case 0.05–0.43 | ||
Case 0.05–0.11 | ||
Case 0.07–9.00 | 0.07L0 | |
Case 0.07–2.33 | ||
Case 0.07–1.00 | ||
Case 0.07–0.43 | ||
Case 0.07–0.11 | ||
Case 0.1–9.00 | 0.1L0 | |
Case 0.1–2.33 | ||
Case 0.1–1.00 | ||
Case 0.1–0.43 | ||
Case 0.1–0.11 |
Properties | Values |
---|---|
Thermal diffusivity of solid | 4.05 × 10−6 m2/s |
Thermal diffusivity of liquid | 1.47 × 10−7 m2/s |
Thermal diffusivity of vapor | 2.05 × 10−5 m2/s |
Kinetic viscosity of liquid | 8.58 × 10−7 m2/s |
Kinetic viscosity of vapor | 2.02 × 10−5 m2/s |
Surface tension | 5.9 × 10−5 m2/s |
Density ratio: liquid/vapor | 1300 |
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Wi, Y.J.; Kim, J.H.; Lee, J.S.; Lee, J.S. Optimal Patterned Wettability for Microchannel Flow Boiling Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method. Coatings 2018, 8, 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8080288
Wi YJ, Kim JH, Lee JS, Lee JS. Optimal Patterned Wettability for Microchannel Flow Boiling Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method. Coatings. 2018; 8(8):288. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8080288
Chicago/Turabian StyleWi, Young Jin, Jong Hyun Kim, Jung Shin Lee, and Joon Sang Lee. 2018. "Optimal Patterned Wettability for Microchannel Flow Boiling Using the Lattice Boltzmann Method" Coatings 8, no. 8: 288. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8080288