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Article

Occupational Physical Activity and Regular Exercise Are Inversely Correlated with Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis

by
Marko Vuletić
1,†,
Dean Kaličanin
2,†,
Ana Barić Žižić
1,
Maja Cvek
1,
Sanda Sladić
1,
Veselin Škrabić
3,
Ante Punda
1 and
Vesna Boraska Perica
2,*
1
Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia
2
Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
3
Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital of Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Diseases 2024, 12(11), 281; https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110281
Submission received: 11 October 2024 / Revised: 29 October 2024 / Accepted: 30 October 2024 / Published: 6 November 2024
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Abstract

Objective: We evaluated correlations of occupational physical activity (OPA) and recreational exercise (RE), respectively, with thyroid function in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Methods: We included 438 individuals with clinically diagnosed HT. Information on OPA and RE were collected through a self-report questionnaire. We assessed correlations between clinical phenotypes (TSH, T3, T4, fT4, TgAb, TPOAb, thyroid volume, vitamin D) and physical activities (OPA and RE) in all HT patients (ALL) and in two severity-based subgroups of patients (MILD and OVERT). Results: The main novel findings are significant correlations between increase in OPA and (i) a decrease in fT4 (OVERT, r = −0.265, p = 0.0002 and ALL, r = −0.138, p = 0.006); (ii) an increase in TSH (ALL, r = 0.124, p = 0.014 and OVERT, r = 0.183, p = 0.013) and (iii) an increase in TPOAb antibodies (ALL, r = 0.101, p = 0.045). In contrast, we observed correlations between increase in RE and: (i) a decrease in TSH (OVERT, r = −0.238, p = 0.001); (ii) a decrease in TgAb antibodies (OVERT, r = −0.194, p = 0.01) and (iii) an increase in vitamin D levels (ALL, r = 0.146, p = 0.005 and OVERT, r = 0.173, p = 0.023). Conclusions: Our results suggest that, unlike RE, OPA correlates with decreased thyroid function and increased thyroid autoimmunity. Our study proposes that the PA health paradox also applies for the thyroid health.
Keywords: autoimmunity; Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; occupational physical activity; recreational exercise; vitamin D autoimmunity; Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; occupational physical activity; recreational exercise; vitamin D

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vuletić, M.; Kaličanin, D.; Barić Žižić, A.; Cvek, M.; Sladić, S.; Škrabić, V.; Punda, A.; Boraska Perica, V. Occupational Physical Activity and Regular Exercise Are Inversely Correlated with Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Diseases 2024, 12, 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110281

AMA Style

Vuletić M, Kaličanin D, Barić Žižić A, Cvek M, Sladić S, Škrabić V, Punda A, Boraska Perica V. Occupational Physical Activity and Regular Exercise Are Inversely Correlated with Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Diseases. 2024; 12(11):281. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110281

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vuletić, Marko, Dean Kaličanin, Ana Barić Žižić, Maja Cvek, Sanda Sladić, Veselin Škrabić, Ante Punda, and Vesna Boraska Perica. 2024. "Occupational Physical Activity and Regular Exercise Are Inversely Correlated with Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis" Diseases 12, no. 11: 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110281

APA Style

Vuletić, M., Kaličanin, D., Barić Žižić, A., Cvek, M., Sladić, S., Škrabić, V., Punda, A., & Boraska Perica, V. (2024). Occupational Physical Activity and Regular Exercise Are Inversely Correlated with Thyroid Function in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis. Diseases, 12(11), 281. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12110281

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