Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Growth and Photosynthesis of the Emergent Plant Iris pseudacorus
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Biomass and Photosynthetic Pigment Contents of I. pseudacorus
2.2. Chlorophyll Fluorescence Rise Kinetics OJIP Curves
2.3. The Initial Slope of the Standardized Fluorescence Transient Ft/FO
2.4. K-Band and L-Band
2.5. Chlorophyll a Fluorescence Parameters
2.6. Mineral Element Contents in I. pseudacorus
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials and Treatments
3.2. Analysis of Biomass and Photosynthetic Pigment Contents of I. pseudacorus
3.3. Measurement of Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in I. pseudacorus
3.4. Analysis of Nutrient Levels of I. pseudacorus
3.5. Data Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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GO Concentration mg·L−1 | Chlorophyll a mg·g−1 | Chlorophyll b mg·g−1 | Chlorophyll a + b mg·g−1 | Chlorophyll a/b | Carotenoid mg·g−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0.3805 ± 0.0223 c* | 0.2282 ± 0.0079 c | 0.6087 ± 0.0299 c | 1.6665 ± 0.0452 c | 0.0502 ± 0.0038 c |
1 | 0.4508 ± 0.1008 bc | 0.2434 ± 0.0303 c | 0.6942 ± 0.1312 bc | 1.8345 ± 0.1865 bc | 0.0658 ± 0.0217 bc |
20 | 0.5790 ± 0.0905 b | 0.2871 ± 0.0248 b | 0.8662 ± 0.1153 b | 2.0072 ± 0.1517 b | 0.0931 ± 0.0207 b |
80 | 0.7966 ± 0.1488 a | 0.3446 ± 0.0480 a | 1.1412 ± 0.1967 a | 2.3001 ± 0.1097 a | 0.1396 ± 0.0331 a |
140 | 0.7305 ± 0.0381 a | 0.3263 ± 0.0142 ab | 1.0569 ± 0.0519 a | 2.2379 ± 0.0345 a | 0.1304 ± 0.0151 a |
GO Level mg L−1 | Cu µg g−1 | Fe mg g−1 | Zn µg g−1 | Mg mg g−1 | Mn mg g−1 | K mg g−1 | N mg g−1 | P mg g−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1.32 ± 0.23 c* | 8.44 ± 0.62 b | 9.75 ± 1.82 a | 3.60 ± 0.30 ab | 0.29 ± 0.02 b | 18.95 ± 0.50 a | 6.01 ± 0.86 b | 1.80 ± 0.19 a |
1 | 1.78 ± 0.37 bc | 9.34 ± 1.59 ab | 11.91 ± 0.45 a | 3.80 ± 0.11 ab | 0.33 ± 0.05 ab | 19.99 ± 2.13 a | 8.95 ± 1.21 a | 1.99 ± 0.38 a |
20 | 1.93 ± 0.27 b | 11.02 ± 0.98 a | 10.99 ± 1.39 a | 3.99 ± 0.34 a | 0.32 ± 0.04 ab | 19.78 ± 3.44 a | 9.76 ± 0.99 a | 2.06 ± 0.17 a |
80 | 2.42 ± 0.23 a | 11.67 ± 2.06 a | 10.81 ± 3.04 a | 3.96 ± 0.26 a | 0.37 ± 0.04 a | 18.23 ± 2.49 a | 10.12 ± 1.41 a | 2.00 ± 0.34 a |
140 | 2.44 ± 0.28 a | 10.09 ± 1.24 ab | 11.56 ± 1.25 a | 3.41 ± 0.30 b | 0.34 ± 0.01 ab | 17.48 ± 3.09 a | 9.41 ± 0.08 a | 1.90 ± 0.21 a |
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Zhou, Z.; Li, J.; Li, C.; Guo, Q.; Hou, X.; Zhao, C.; Wang, Y.; Chen, C.; Wang, Q. Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Growth and Photosynthesis of the Emergent Plant Iris pseudacorus. Plants 2023, 12, 1738. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091738
Zhou Z, Li J, Li C, Guo Q, Hou X, Zhao C, Wang Y, Chen C, Wang Q. Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Growth and Photosynthesis of the Emergent Plant Iris pseudacorus. Plants. 2023; 12(9):1738. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091738
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhou, Zixin, Jiaxin Li, Cui Li, Qiang Guo, Xincun Hou, Chunqiao Zhao, Yu Wang, Chuansheng Chen, and Qinghai Wang. 2023. "Effects of Graphene Oxide on the Growth and Photosynthesis of the Emergent Plant Iris pseudacorus" Plants 12, no. 9: 1738. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12091738