Relationship between Masticatory Function and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Shimane Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE) Study
2.2. Study Design
2.2.1. Inclusion Criteria
- National Health Insurance cover
- Residents of Ohnan township
- Age > 65 years
- Participation in the 2019 survey
2.2.2. Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Collection of Data
2.3.1. Background Characteristics
2.3.2. Oral Health Status
2.3.3. Masticatory Function
2.3.4. BMD
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Demographics and Characteristics
3.2. Comparison of Each Variable according to Number of Gummy Jelly Pieces
3.3. Comparison of Bone Status according to the Odds Ratio for Masticatory Function
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Full Dataset (n = 702) | Men (n = 306) | Women (n = 396) |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 69.0 (65.0–72.0) | 70.0 (65.0–72.0) | 69.0 (65.0–72.0) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6 (20.7–24.9) | 23.0 (21.4–24.9) | 22.4 (20.1–24.8) |
Physical activity (yes) | 368 (52.4) | 160 (52.3) | 208 (52.5) |
Falls, n | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) |
Muscle mass (kg) | 37.9 (34.2–46.7) | 47.8 (44.3–51.7) | 34.6 (32.5–36.4) |
Bone status YAM (%) | 86.2 (79.1–94.8) | 91.9 (84.8–100.0) | 81.4 (76.2–89.8) |
Remaining teeth, n | 25.0 (16.0–28.0) | 25.0 (14.4–28.0) | 25.0 (17.5–28.0) |
Masticatory function | 18.0 (11.0–25.0) | 20.0 (11.0–27.0) | 17.0 (11.0–23.0) |
Salivary occult blood result | 3.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (1.0–4.0) |
Variable | Men | Women | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gumi 15 | <12 (n = 96) | ≥12 (n = 210) | p-Value | <12 (n = 153) | ≥12 (n = 243) | p-Value |
Age (years) | 70.0 (68.0–72.0) | 69.0 (64.8–71.3) | 0.02 * | 69.0 (66.0–72.0) | 69.0 (64.0–71.0) | 0.29 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.3 (21.7–25.0) | 22.9 (21.3–24.9) | 0.47 | 22.4 (20.2–25.1) | 22.3 (20.1–24.6) | 0.59 |
Physical activity (yes) | 54.0 (56.3) | 106 (50.5) | 0.39 | 78 (51.0) | 130 (53.5) | 0.68 |
Falls, n | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.41 | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.26 |
Muscle mass (kg) | 46.0 (43.6–49.6) | 48.3 (44.8–52.4) | <0.01 * | 34.1 (32.1–35.8) | 35.0 (32.9–36.6) | <0.01 * |
Bone YAM (%) | 90.5 (82.5–98.5) | 92.6 (85.8–100.0) | 0.10 | 80.5 (75.6–89.1) | 82.0 (76.8–90.4) | 0.09 |
Remaining teeth, n | 12.0 (6.0–17.7) | 27.0 (23.8–28.0) | <0.01 * | 16.3 (9.0–24.0) | 27.0 (24.0–28.0) | <0.01 * |
Salivary occult blood result | 3.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | 0.07 | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 3.0 (2.0–4.0) | <0.01 * |
Variable | Men | Women | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |
Unadjusted model | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) | 0.15 | 1.02 (0.99–1.04) | 0.11 |
Multivariable-adjusted model | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.49 | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.30 |
Propensity score-adjusted model | ||||
Stratification | 1.01 (0.95–1.08) | 0.51 | 1.04 (0.97–1.10) | 0.35 |
Within-propensity score quintile | ||||
1 (Lowest propensity) | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 0.23 | 1.02 (0.96–1.09) | 0.52 |
2 | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0.74 | 1.07 (0.98–1.15) | 0.12 |
3 | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 0.36 | 1.00 (0.94–1.05) | 0.91 |
4 | 0.97 (0.90–1.05) | 0.44 | 1.04 (0.99–1.09) | 0.07 |
5 (Highest propensity) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 0.76 | 1.05 (0.99–1.10) | 0.11 |
Regression adjustment | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.62 | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) | 0.32 |
Weighting (stabilized IPTW) | 163.00 (1.36–19,610.55) | 0.04 * | 48.65 (1.52–1561.15) | 0.03 * |
Matching 1:1 (108 men, 288 women) | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) | 0.98 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.16 |
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Ikebuchi, K.; Matsuda, Y.; Takeda, M.; Takeda, M.; Abe, T.; Tominaga, K.; Yano, S.; Isomura, M.; Nabika, T.; Kanno, T. Relationship between Masticatory Function and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare 2021, 9, 845. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9070845
Ikebuchi K, Matsuda Y, Takeda M, Takeda M, Abe T, Tominaga K, Yano S, Isomura M, Nabika T, Kanno T. Relationship between Masticatory Function and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare. 2021; 9(7):845. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9070845
Chicago/Turabian StyleIkebuchi, Kumi, Yuhei Matsuda, Mayu Takeda, Miwako Takeda, Takafumi Abe, Kazumichi Tominaga, Shozo Yano, Minoru Isomura, Toru Nabika, and Takahiro Kanno. 2021. "Relationship between Masticatory Function and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study" Healthcare 9, no. 7: 845. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9070845