The Management of Necrotizing Gingivitis in Paediatric Patients: A Scoping Review and Two Case Reports
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Type of Study
2.2. Review Question
2.3. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.4. Search Strategy and Study Selection
2.5. Data Collection
2.6. Risk of Bias
3. Literature Review Results
4. Clinical Cases
4.1. Case 1
4.2. Case 2
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Author, Year | Study Design | Gender | Smoke (Yes/No) | Systemic Diseases | Age | Mechanical Therapy | Local Antiseptics | Antibiotics | Follow-Up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sangani, 2013 [9] | Case Report | 3 female, 1 male | 2 no, 2 yes | No | 15/18 yo | Classic signs: local debridement Mild signs: local debridement | Classic signs: chlorhexidine mouthwash Mild signs: chlorhexidine mouthwash | Classic signs: metronidazole tds 200 mg 3 days Mild signs: / | Classic signs: review 1 week Mild signs: review 1–2 week |
Martos, 2018 [14] | Case Report | Male | No | No | 18 yo | Initial phase of supragingival hard and soft deposits removal and successive subgingival scaling. | Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.12%: mouth rinse twice a day for 30 days. | N/A | Weekly throughout treatment, monthly for the first 6 months post-treatment, and 2–3 times a year during the periodontal maintenance therapy. |
Studen-Pavlovich, 2006 [23] | Guideline | N/A | N/A | N/A | Adolescents | Deplaquing and debridement with ultrasonic scaler with water spray to minimize discomfort to the patient. | Brushing with a soft bristle toothbrush. Rinse with a 1.5% hydrogen peroxide or a 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution. | Fever and systemic symptoms: penicillin or metronidazole. | Advised |
Califano, 2003 [24] | Guideline | N/A | N/A | N/A | Children and Adolescents | Mechanical debridement with ultrasonics. | N/A | If the patient is febrile: metronidazole and penicillin. | Advised |
Dar-Odeh, 2018 [25] | Review | N/A | N/A | N/A | Children and Adolescents | Gentle deplaquing and debridement | Antiseptic mouth washes and oxygen–releasing agents. | Systemic signs and symptoms: Amoxicillin (3 days): Children > 3 months and <40 kg: 20–40 mg/kg/day in divided 8 hourly doses OR 25–45 mg/kg/day in divided 12 hourly doses. Children > 40 kg: 250–500 mg 8 hourly OR 500–875 mg 12 hourly. | N/A |
Bermejo-Fenoll, 2004 [26] | Guideline | N/A | N/A | N/A | Children and Adolescents | Surgical and mechanical debridement of the gingival lesions. | Mouth rinses with 0.12% chlorhexidine. Brushing and dental floss. | Intense pain: minor analgesics. Metronidazole: 250 mg every 8 h for 10 days. Other antibiotics: penicillin and clindamycin and amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid. | N/A |
Marty, 2016 [27] | Review | N/A | No | N/A | Children | Postponed mechanical therapies to avoid bacteremia. Debridement under local anesthesia and conscious sedation or general anesthesia. | Gel with chlorhexidine and 3% H2O2 or topic use of 3% H2O2 diluted by half with water. Application of sterile compresses dipped in hydrogen peroxide. | General involvement: three divided doses of metronidazole from 30 to 50 mg/kg/day for 7–10 days. | Regularly, for at least 1 year. |
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Ciribè, M.; Cirillo, E.; Arduino, P.G.; Putrino, A.; Caputo, M.; Zaami, S.; Bompiani, G.; Galeotti, A. The Management of Necrotizing Gingivitis in Paediatric Patients: A Scoping Review and Two Case Reports. Children 2024, 11, 1019. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11081019
Ciribè M, Cirillo E, Arduino PG, Putrino A, Caputo M, Zaami S, Bompiani G, Galeotti A. The Management of Necrotizing Gingivitis in Paediatric Patients: A Scoping Review and Two Case Reports. Children. 2024; 11(8):1019. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11081019
Chicago/Turabian StyleCiribè, Massimiliano, Erika Cirillo, Paolo Giacomo Arduino, Alessandra Putrino, Martina Caputo, Simona Zaami, Gaia Bompiani, and Angela Galeotti. 2024. "The Management of Necrotizing Gingivitis in Paediatric Patients: A Scoping Review and Two Case Reports" Children 11, no. 8: 1019. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11081019