A Systematic Review of Studies on Genotoxicity and Related Biomarkers in Populations Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Biomarkers of Exposure
3.2. Susceptibility Biomarkers
3.2.1. Effect of Genotypes on Cytogenetic Damage
3.2.2. Circulating DNA Quantification
3.2.3. miRNAs-Possible New Biomarker of Susceptibility
3.3. Biomarkers of Genotoxicity
3.3.1. Chromosomal Aberrations (CA)
3.3.2. Sister Chromatid Exchange (SCE)
3.3.3. Micronuclei (MN) and Nuclear Abnormalities (NA)
3.3.4. Alkaline Comet Assay
3.4. Other Biomarkers of the Effect
3.4.1. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress
3.4.2. Aneuploidies
3.4.3. Alterations in the Sperm Chromatin Structure
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year of Study/Location (State) | Genotoxic Endpoint/Bioassay | No. Exposed/No. Controls | Biomarkers and Exposure Correlation | Authors |
---|---|---|---|---|
1987/ND | CA/PBL | 26/26 | Positive p < 0.01 | Zapata-Gayón et al. [31] |
1992/Tlaxcala | SCE/PBL | 94/76 | Negative p = 0.4 | Gómez-Arroyo et al. [32] |
1997/Morelos | SCE/Blood samples | 49/31 | Positive p = 0.03 | Steenland et al. [33] |
CA/Blood samples | Positive p = 0.05 | |||
2000/Morelos | SCE/PBL | 30/30 | Positive p < 0.001 | Gómez-Arroyo et al. [34] |
MN/exfoliated buccal mucosa cells | ||||
2001/Durango | Sex null aneuploidy/Sperm | 9/9 | Negative p < 0.07 | Recio et al. [35] |
2004/San Luis Potosi | Comet assay/PBMC | Total 54 | Positive p < 0.05 | Yañez et al. [36] |
2004/Durango | Chromatin structure/Sperm | Total 33 | Positive p < 0.05 | Sánchez-Peña et al. [37] |
2005/San Luis Potosi | Comet assay/PBMC | Total 28 | Negative | Ortiz-Pérez et al. [38] |
2005/Chihuahua&Mexico City | MN/umbilical cord lymphocytes | 21/16 | Positive p < 0.01 | Levario-Carrillo et al. [39] |
2006/Mexico | Comet assay/leukocytes | 52/38 | Positive p < 0.001 | Castillo-Cadena et al. [40] |
2006/Tlaxcala | MN/peripheral lymphocytes | 28/44 | Negative p > 0.05 | Montero et al., 2006 [41] |
2008/Yucatan | DNA integrity/sperm | Total 54 | Positive p < 0.05 | Pérez-Herrera et al. [42] |
2009/Sinaloa | SCE/PBL | 70/70 | Positive p < 0.001 | Martínez-Valenzuela et al. [43] |
MN and NA/exfoliated buccal cells | ||||
2009/San Luis Potosi | Comet assay/blood samples | Total 50 | Negative | Alvarado et al. [44] |
MN/blood samples | ||||
2010/Nuevo Leon | Multinucleation/Sperm | Total 2 | Positive | Gallegos-Avila et al. [45] |
2012/Baja California | CBMN/peripheral blood samples | 25/15 | Positive p < 0.05 | Zúñiga-Violante et al. [46] |
2012/Jalisco | DNA fragment quantification/blood | 25/21 | Positive p = 0.00006 | Payán-Rentería et al. [47] |
2013/Sinaloa | MN and NA/exfoliated buccal cells | 125/125 | Positive p < 0.001 | Gómez-Arroyo et al. [48] |
2013/San Luis Potosi | Comet assay/blood simples | Total 50 | Negative | Alvarado-Hernández et al. [49] |
MN/blood samples | ||||
2014/Baja California | CBMN/PBL | 26/22 | Positive p < 0.05 | Montaño-Soto et al. [50] |
2015/Chiapas | Comet assay/Blood cells | 35/25 | Positive p < 0.05 | Jasso-Pineda et al. [51] |
2015/Oaxaca | 20/25 | |||
2015/Quintana Roo | 21/25 | |||
2016/Tlaxcala | MN and NA/mucosa buccal cells | 32/30 | Positive | Sánchez-Alarcón et al. [52] |
2016/Guerrero | Comet assay/exfoliated buccal cells | 111/60 | Positive p < 0.001 | Carbajal-López et al. [53] |
MN and NA/exfoliated buccal cells | ||||
2016/Baja California | MN and NA/buccal cells | 71/73 | Positive p < 0.0001 | Castañeda-Yslas et al. [54] |
2016/Yucatan | MN and NA/buccal mucosa cells | 27/26 | Positive p < 0.001 | Ruiz-Gamboa et al. [55] |
2017/Sinaloa | MN and NA epithelial oral mucosa cells | 30/30 | Positive p < 0.05 | Martínez-Valenzuela et al. [56] |
2017/Durango | MN and NA/oral mucosa | 30/30 | Positive p < 0.05 | Lazalde-Ramos et al. [57] |
2017/Nayarit | Comet assay/whole blood | 60/22 | Negative | Zepeda-Arce et al. [58] |
2017/Baja California | Comet assay/buccal cells | 57/24 | Positive p < 0.0001 | Vazquez Boucard et al. [59] |
2018/Nayarit | CBMN/whole blood | Total 201 | Negative | Xotlanihua-Gervacio et al. [60] |
2018/Sinaloa | Comet assay/PBL | 30/30 | Positive p < 0.05 | Martínez-Valenzuela et al. [61] |
2019/Puebla | MN and NA/oral mucosa | 40/40 | Positive p < 0.05 | Ortega-Martínez et al. [62] |
2020/Baja California | MN and NA/buccal cells | 63/24 | Positive p < 0.001 | Anguiano-Vega et al. [63] |
Year of Study/Location (State) | Biomarker | Exposed/Controls (n) | Result | Authors |
---|---|---|---|---|
1997/Morelos | TSH serum levels | 49/31 | Increment in TSH p = 0.05 | Steenland et al. [33] |
2005/Mexico City | Genetic PON1 polymorphism | Total 214 | Frequencies of polymorphism PON1 -162A (0.21), -108C (0.45), 55L (0.84) and 192R (0.49) | Rojas-García et al. [64] |
2008/Durango | Sperm quality | Total 52 | OP exposure decreases sperm quality p < 0.05 | Recio-Vega et al. [65] |
2008/Yucatan | Susceptibility to OP toxicity and PON1Q192R | Total 54 | Farmers with 192RR genotype were more susceptible | Pérez-Herrera et al. [42] |
2009/Mexico | PON1 Q192R polymorphisms | Total 264 | Correlation of risk having a baby with LBW and PON1 192RR genotype in floriculture mother | Moreno Banda et al. [66] |
2009/Morelos | ||||
2009/Mexico | PON1 polymorphisms | Total 170 | Significant association between the PON1192 polymorphism and PON1 activity towards paraoxon and diazoxon | López-Flores et al. [67] |
2009/Morelos | ||||
2010/Mexico | TSH serum levels | Total 136 | Increment in TSH p = 0.001 | Lacasaña et al. [68] |
2010/Morelos | ||||
2010/Mexico | Tyroid function | Total 136 | Association of OP and thyroid function in individuals with lower PON1 activity. | Lacasaña et al. [69] |
2010/Morelos | ||||
2010/Yucatan | PON1 polymorphisms | 152/160 | PON1 polymorphisms- relevant risk factors for offspring affected with SB | González-Herrera et al. [70] |
2013/Mexico | PON1 polymorphisms | Total 264 | maternal PON1 polymorphisms effect on miscarriage in exposed women | Blanco-Muñoz et al. [71] |
2013/Morelos | ||||
2016/Mexico | Thyroid hormones | Total 136 | Positive associations: serum pesticides levels and thyroid hormones | Blanco-Muñoz et al. [72] |
2016/Morelos | ||||
2018/Nayarit | Antioxidante enzyme activities | Total 201 | Glutathione peroxidase is involved in pesticide damage | Xotlanihua-Gervacio et al. [60] |
2018/Yucatán | BuChE determination | 27/26 | No significant differences | Ruiz-Gamboa et al. [73] |
2018/Sinaloa | Enzymatic activities | Total 49 | Enzymatic activities altered by pesticides exposure | Galindo-Reyes and Alegria [74] |
2019/Sonora | AChE activity | 25/5 | significant differences between exposed and control | Alvarado-Ibarra et al. [75] |
2019/Mexico | PON1 polymorphisms | Total 381 | Genotypes marginally associated with hypothyroxinemia | Torres Sánchez et al. [76] |
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Sánchez-Alarcón, J.; Milić, M.; Kašuba, V.; Tenorio-Arvide, M.G.; Montiel-González, J.M.R.; Bonassi, S.; Valencia-Quintana, R. A Systematic Review of Studies on Genotoxicity and Related Biomarkers in Populations Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico. Toxics 2021, 9, 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9110272
Sánchez-Alarcón J, Milić M, Kašuba V, Tenorio-Arvide MG, Montiel-González JMR, Bonassi S, Valencia-Quintana R. A Systematic Review of Studies on Genotoxicity and Related Biomarkers in Populations Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico. Toxics. 2021; 9(11):272. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9110272
Chicago/Turabian StyleSánchez-Alarcón, Juana, Mirta Milić, Vilena Kašuba, María Guadalupe Tenorio-Arvide, José Mariano Rigoberto Montiel-González, Stefano Bonassi, and Rafael Valencia-Quintana. 2021. "A Systematic Review of Studies on Genotoxicity and Related Biomarkers in Populations Exposed to Pesticides in Mexico" Toxics 9, no. 11: 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics9110272