Potential of Antifungal Proteins (AFPs) to Control Penicillium Postharvest Fruit Decay
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Strains, Media and Growth Conditions
2.2. AFP Production and Purification
2.3. Antifungal Assays
2.4. Protection Assays against Fungal Infections Caused by Penicillium spp. in Fruits
3. Results
3.1. Antifungal Activity Assays
3.2. PAFB Delays P. digitatum Infection in Orange Fruits
3.3. PAFB Delays P. italicum Infection in Orange Fruits
3.4. PAFB Delays P. expansum Infection in Apple Fruits
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Protein | Amino Acids (aa) | Molecular Weight (Da) a | Number of Cysteines | pI b | GRAVY c | Charge at pH 7 d |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PAF | 55 | 6242 | 6 | 8.93 | −1.374 | +4.7 |
PeAfpA | 57 | 6618 | 6 | 9.48 | −1.081 | +8.7 |
PdAfpB | 58 | 6570 | 6 | 9.06 | −1.000 | +5.9 |
PAFB | 58 | 6500 | 6 | 8.83 | −1.031 | +5.2 |
PAFC | 64 | 6630 | 8 | 7.71 | −0.767 | +0.9 |
NFAP2 | 52 | 5600 | 6 | 9.01 | −0.731 | +5.2 |
P. digitatum | P. italicum | P. expansum | Reference | |
---|---|---|---|---|
PAF | 16 (100) | 32 (200) | 16 (100) | this work |
PAFB | 0.16 (1.0) | 0.25 (1.63) | 0.12 (0.78) | this work |
PAFC | 4 (26.5) | 8 (53.0) | 32 (212) | this work |
NFAP2 | 2 (11.1) | 1 (5.5) | >64 (>356) | this work |
PeAfpA | 0.15 (1.0) | 0.3 (2.0) | 0.3 (2.0) | [13] |
PdAfpB | 0.6 (4) | 0.3 (2.0) | 0.6 (4) | [14] |
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Gandía, M.; Kakar, A.; Giner-Llorca, M.; Holzknecht, J.; Martínez-Culebras, P.; Galgóczy, L.; Marx, F.; Marcos, J.F.; Manzanares, P. Potential of Antifungal Proteins (AFPs) to Control Penicillium Postharvest Fruit Decay. J. Fungi 2021, 7, 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7060449
Gandía M, Kakar A, Giner-Llorca M, Holzknecht J, Martínez-Culebras P, Galgóczy L, Marx F, Marcos JF, Manzanares P. Potential of Antifungal Proteins (AFPs) to Control Penicillium Postharvest Fruit Decay. Journal of Fungi. 2021; 7(6):449. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7060449
Chicago/Turabian StyleGandía, Mónica, Anant Kakar, Moisés Giner-Llorca, Jeanett Holzknecht, Pedro Martínez-Culebras, László Galgóczy, Florentine Marx, Jose F. Marcos, and Paloma Manzanares. 2021. "Potential of Antifungal Proteins (AFPs) to Control Penicillium Postharvest Fruit Decay" Journal of Fungi 7, no. 6: 449. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7060449