Synergies of Cultural–Creative Industries and Development in Peripheral Areas: Networking, Social Capital, and Place
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Study Area
3.2. Methodology
3.2.1. Classification of Local Traditional Cultural Industries
3.2.2. Conceptual Framework Used to Analyze the Data from the Study
3.2.3. Data: Collection and Analysis
4. Results
4.1. Profile of CCIs within the Study Area
4.2. Synergy Patterns of CCIs within the Study Area
5. Discussion and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Municipality | Municipality Unit | Population 2011 | Population 2021 | Settlements with a Population Less than 5000 Residents |
---|---|---|---|---|
Komotini (1) | Aigiros | 3.493 | 2.870 | 10 |
Komotini | 60.648 | 60.160 | 11 | |
Neo Sidirochori | 2.778 | 2.213 | 4 | |
Total | 66.919 | 65.243 | 25 | |
Iasmos (3) | Iasmos | 5.703 | 4.974 | 3 |
Sostis | 6.334 | 5.521 | 7 | |
Amaxades | 1.773 | 1.752 | 1 | |
Total | 13.810 | 12.247 | 11 | |
Maronia-Sapes (4) | Maronia | 6.350 | 5.129 | 7 |
Sapes | 8.383 | 6.738 | 10 | |
Total | 14.733 | 11.867 | 17 | |
Ariana (2) | Ariana | 5.589 | 5.288 | 14 |
Filira | 7.583 | 6.813 | 20 | |
Kechros | 1.222 | 1.019 | 1 | |
Organi | 2.183 | 1.785 | 1 | |
Total | 16.577 | 14.905 | 36 | |
Total | 112.039 | 104.262 | 89 |
Category | Sub-Category | Description |
---|---|---|
Tangible Cultural Heritage | Historical monuments | |
Archaeological Heritage | ||
Architectural Heritage | ||
Typical Museums | ||
Non-Typical Museums | In general, all the material traces related to local heritage that are significant to a community, a nation, and/or humanity. | |
Private Cultural Collections | ||
Ancient/Traditional Settlements | ||
Traditional markets/bazaars | ||
Libraries | ||
Archives | ||
Cultural Associations | ||
Intangible Cultural Heritage | Local Festivals/Fairs | Customs, traditional music/dance, educational, local products, and religion. |
Oral traditions and expressions | Seminars on fairy tales, myths, short stories, and narrative songs. | |
Arts | Traditional dance and music, folk theatre | |
Social Practices and Rituals | Revival of traditions and rituals. | |
Traditional Craft | Workshops on basketry, ceramic, wooden crafts, knitting, jewelry, flower compositions, carving, glass, and others. | |
Dialect | Dialect workshops. | |
Local Gastronomy | Cooking classes and cooking recipes. | |
Creative Routes/Walks | Nature (forests, lakes, and rivers), cultural heritage (archaeological sites, monuments, churches, and castles), wine walks, and photographic routes. | |
Spirituality | Writing workshop (poems, fairy tales from local myths), folklore workshop/conference (manners, customs, popular events, and other local activities) and traditional games workshop. |
Formal Networks related to Entrepreneurial Skills | Access to funding | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for searching financial sources, e.g., donations, sponsorships, EU funding |
Access to market | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies identifying new markets | |
Intellectual property rights instruments | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for use and manage intellectual property | |
Access to knowledge | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for access to education, skills and training | |
Access to innovation | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for access to innovation | |
Informal Networks related to Social Capital | Structural social capital | Network diversity Hierarchy Network ties |
Relational social capital | Social connections and ties with close acquaintances (e.g., family members and colleagues at work) Social connections and ties with various external stakeholders (e.g., executives from other businesses, board members, political leaders, government bureaucratic officials, and community leaders) Trust | |
Cognitive social capital | Shared norms, values and obligation Reciprocity Shared goals and mission Attitudes and beliefs |
Finance | Funds to finance endeavors play an important role during all phases of the entrepreneurial life cycle and directly affect business performance |
Market access | Knowledge about market opportunities and unpredictable demand conditions, market access for all cultural and creative actors guarantee pluralism and a real economy of diversity |
Intellectual property rights instruments | Formal and informal rights, regulatory issues (tax, intellectual property, labor, social welfare, business start-up), content protection, legal exceptions, and exclusive rights. Most commonly used instruments: patent, registration design, trademarks, copyright, confidentiality, and open-access licensing |
Knowledge | Education, skills, training, lifelong learning initiatives, vocational training, and business courses |
Innovation | Scientific innovation, soft innovation, hidden innovation, and internal innovation |
Structural dimensions | Network diversity | The diversity of membership (kindship, religion, gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, education, and political affiliations |
Hierarchy | The extent of democratic functioning | |
Network ties | strong ties, weak ties, government officials ties, tie strength, bonding ties, bridging ties, linking ties, and structural holes | |
Relational dimensions | Social connections and ties with close acquaintances | Interpersonal skills that bind together, providing emotional or practical benefits to everyone involved (family members, friends, and colleagues at work) |
Social connections and ties with various external stakeholders | Interpersonal skills that bind together, providing emotional or practical benefits to everyone involved (executives from other businesses, board members, political leaders, government bureaucratic officials, and community leaders) | |
Trust | Trust among team members, i.e., the trait of believing in the honesty and reliability of others | |
Cognitive dimensions | Shared norms, values and obligation | Shared standards and informal rules of acceptable behavior by groups |
Reciprocity | A situation or relationship in which two people or groups agree to do something similar for each other | |
Shared goals and mission | The collective aspirations that promote a sense of shared destiny with others and align the same mission | |
Attitudes and beliefs | A set of emotions, beliefs, and behaviors toward a particular object, person, thing, or event |
How important do you consider the following statements regarding synergy patterns for the sustainability and development of your organization/institution/business? Please rate your opinion on a Likert scale of 1 to 5 (1—Not at all important to 5—Extremely important) | ||
Formal Networks related to Entrepreneurial Skills (FN) | Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for searching financial sources, e.g., donations, sponsorships, and European programs. Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies identifying new markets. Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for use and manage intellectual property. Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for access to education, skills, and training. Joint actions with cultural and non-cultural bodies for access to innovation. | Access to funding Access to market Intellectual property rights instruments Access to knowledge Access to innovation |
Informal Networks related to Social Capital (IN) | Network diversity. Hierarchy. Network ties. Social connections and ties with close acquaintances (e.g., family members and colleagues at work). Social connections and ties with various external stakeholders, e.g., executives from other businesses, board members, political leaders, government bureaucratic officials and community leaders). Trust. Shared norms, values, and obligation. Reciprocity. Shared goals and mission. Attitudes and beliefs. | Network diversity Hierarchy Network ties Social connections and ties with close acquaintances Social connections and ties with various external stakeholders Trust Shared norms, values, and obligation Reciprocity Shared goals and mission Attitudes and beliefs |
High (H) | 0.8 ≤ RII ≤ 1 |
High–Medium (H–M) | 0.6 ≤ RII ≤ 0.8 |
Medium (M) | 0.4 ≤ RII ≤ 0.6 |
Medium–Low (M–L) | 0.2 ≤ RII ≤ 0.4 |
Low (L) | 0 ≤ RII ≤ 0.2 |
ID | Sub Criteria | Relative Index | Ranking by Category | Overall Ranking | Importance Level |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
FN_1 | Access to funding | 0.925 | 1 | 5 | H |
FN_2 | Access to market | 0.505 | 4 | 14 | M |
FN_3 | Intellectual property rights instruments | 0.482 | 5 | 15 | M |
FN_4 | Access to knowledge | 0.784 | 2 | 9 | H–M |
FN_5 | Access to innovation | 0.776 | 3 | 11 | H–M |
IN_1 | Network diversity | 0.771 | 9 | 12 | H–M |
IN_2 | Hierarchy | 0.782 | 8 | 10 | H–M |
IN_3 | Network ties | 0.846 | 7 | 8 | H |
IN_4 | Social connections and ties with close acquaintances | 0.979 | 1 | 1 | H |
IN_5 | Social connections and ties with various external stakeholders | 0.948 | 2 | 2 | H |
IN_6 | Trust | 0.931 | 4 | 4 | H |
IN_7 | Shared norms, values and obligation | 0.935 | 3 | 3 | H |
IN_8 | Reciprocity | 0.731 | 10 | 13 | H–M |
IN_9 | Shared goals and mission | 0.892 | 5 | 6 | H |
IN_10 | Attitudes and beliefs | 0.879 | 6 | 7 | H |
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Malisiova, S.; Kostopoulou, S. Synergies of Cultural–Creative Industries and Development in Peripheral Areas: Networking, Social Capital, and Place. Heritage 2024, 7, 4500-4519. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage7080212
Malisiova S, Kostopoulou S. Synergies of Cultural–Creative Industries and Development in Peripheral Areas: Networking, Social Capital, and Place. Heritage. 2024; 7(8):4500-4519. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage7080212
Chicago/Turabian StyleMalisiova, Sevasti, and Stella Kostopoulou. 2024. "Synergies of Cultural–Creative Industries and Development in Peripheral Areas: Networking, Social Capital, and Place" Heritage 7, no. 8: 4500-4519. https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage7080212