Keywordslivelihood diversification; ethnic minorities; northern Vietnam; land-use and land-cover change; reforestation; cardamom; urbanization; mixed methods; livelihoods; farming; traps; transformation; South Africa; landscapes; poverty; change; multiple stressors; Eastern Cape; afforestation; forest transition; Landsat; rural livelihoods; wind power; royalty; property; land use; income; Texas; mixed crop-livestock farming; sustainable agriculture; conservation agriculture; smallholders; agro-ecology; livelihood diversification; migration; environment; development; agrobiodiversity; agroecology; water resources; soil microbial diversity; ecosystem services; global change; meta-analysis; social-ecological systems; ecological intensification; climate change adaptation; livelihood; governance; socio-ecological system; Botswana; poverty; tenure security; deforestation; land management practices; Burkina Faso; Malawi; medium-scale farmers; land; livelihoods; farmer trajectories; farm expansion; land acquisition; land consolidation; domestic investors; agriculture; climate change; farm labor; food security; gardening; livelihoods; global cattle economy; production chains and networks; settlement projects; Amazonia; land grabs; cultural and political ecology; global environmental change; identity; inequality; land system science; smallholders; sustainability
