Bioenergy and Biofuels

The condition of the fuel and energy sector reflects the state of the economy around the world. New technologies in the energy sector and management of its development, together with a dynamically changing environment, as well as care for sustainable development and energy security, make the energy and automotive industry the most important sectors of the economy, whose dynamic development has been observed for many years. It should be emphasized that an important factor mobilizing the search for modern technologies, especially in energy and transport, is progressive climate change, closely related to greenhouse gas emissions. The Special Issue "Bioenergy and Biofuels"  of the journal Sustainability was dedicated to the publication of works on obtaining energy from biological sources. Obviously, bio-based biomass contains mainly carbon and hydrogen and can be converted into various types of fuel or burned directly to provide heat. From the composition of biomass, it can be easily deduced that its combustion mainly causes the emission of carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide from biomass is assumed to have been absorbed from the atmosphere during plant growth and will be reabsorbed. Therefore, it is not a source of climate warming, and it only temporarily increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This situation is the main reason for the use of plant biomass for energy purposes. Due to the variety of applications, there are many technologies for obtaining energy from biomass. New technologies for obtaining as well as technologies for converting bio-based fuels into various forms of energy may also emerge. The use of renewable energy sources is governed by a number of legal provisions on various aspects of the conversion of biomass into fuels, the use of waste biomass, etc.