Biofilms: Extracellular Bastions of Bacteria

© 2016 MDPI; under CC BY-NC-ND license

Halothiobacillus HT1 biofilm; distribution; speciation; copper; sulfur; Lactobacillus spp.; Gardnerella vaginalis; BV anaerobes; initial adhesion; epithelial cell line; fluorescence in situ hybridization; peptide nucleic acid; quantitative-PCR; biofilms; autoaggregation; plant-associated bacteria; bacterial surface compounds; bacterial exopolymeric compounds; periodontal pathogens; environmental stimuli; biofilm EPS; virulence factors; biofilm; antimicrobial; small molecule; biomaterial; Archaea; biofilm; biofouling; wastewater treatment; WWT; membrane bioreactor; MBR; granular sludge; bioemulsifier; emulsifying stability; non-toxic; Microbacterium sp.; biotechnology; flavonoids; flavanones; flavans; Staphylococcus aureus; biofilms; antibacterial; bioactivity; chalcones; flavones; atomic force microscopy; marine diatoms; extracellular polymeric substance; extracellular polysaccharides; marine gel network; self assembly; self-organization; Cylindrotheca closterium; Bacteriastrum jadranum; northern Adriatic Sea; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; biofilm matrix; exopolysaccharides; gene regulation; anti-biofilm; Legionella pneumophila; legionellosis; amoeba; prozoa; multispecies biofilms; biofilm; detachment; planktonic cell yield; erosion; microbial proliferation; biofilm-enrichment; metagenomics; functional screening; sequence-based screening; microbial interactions; n/a; biofilms; EPS; microbial mats; microspatial; sulfate-reducing microorganisms; dsrA probe; chemical signals; CaCO₃; AHLs; ³⁵SO₄²⁻ silver-foil; moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR); nitritation; anammox; AOB; wastewater; biofilm; stratification