**Review of Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter Topologies and Analysis of Harmonics Distortions in FC-MLI**

#### **Ronak A. Rana 1, Sujal A. Patel 1, Anand Muthusamy 1, Chee woo Lee 2,\* and Hee-Je Kim 2,\***


Received: 25 September 2019; Accepted: 6 November 2019; Published: 11 November 2019

**Abstract:** We review the most common topology of multi-level inverters. As is known, the conventional inverters are utilized to create an alternating current (AC) source from a direct current (DC) source. The two-level inverter provides various output voltages [(Vdc/2) and (−Vdc/2)] of the load. It is a successive method, but it makes the harmonic distortion of the output side, Electromagnetic interference (EMI), and high dv/dt. We solve this problem by constructing the sinusoidal voltage waveform. This is achieved by a "multilevel inverter" (MLI). The multilevel inverter creates the output voltage with multiple DC voltages as inputs. Many voltage levels are combined to produce a smoother waveform. During the last decade, the multilevel inverter has become very popular in medium and high-power applications with some advantages, such as the reduced power dissipation of switching elements, low harmonics, and low EMIs. We introduce the information about several multilevel inverters such as the diode-clamped multilevel inverter (DC-MLI), cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHB-MLI), and flying-capacitor multilevel inverter (FC-MLI) with Power systems CAD (PSCAD) simulation. It is shown that THD is 28.88% in three level FC-MLI while THD is 18.56% in five level topology. Therefore, we can decrease the total harmonic distortion adopting the higher-level topology.

**Keywords:** multilevel inverter; diode clamped multilevel inverter; flying capacitor multilevel inverter; cascade H bridge multilevel inverter; total harmonic distortion; PWM control techniques; PSCAD/MULTISIM simulation
