**6. Conclusions and Future Outlook**

Electrospinning is a promising technology for manufacturing nanofibers from the laboratory to industrial level. Nanomaterials possess a large surface area and enhanced porosity, which are advantages for drug delivery and many other biomedical applications. Nanofibers can be formed using three different techniques: electrospinning, self-assembly, and phase separation. Electrospinning is the most widely used technique because of its promising results. Electrospun nanofibers have attracted much attention due to their biocompatibility, adhesiveness, sterile nature and their efficiency in diverse applications. Currently, nanofibers are considered suitable candidates for scaffold materials, wound dressing materials, drug delivery systems, filtration membranes, catalysts for reduction and so on. Nanofibers are used for medical applications, batteries and fuel cells as a new material.

Though the application of nanofibers is versatile, still more development and research is required for the proper use of nanofibers, especially for biomedical therapeutic delivery. The application of nanofibers in drug delivery, medical implants or tissue engineering is still very limited and most of the materials cannot reach the stage of clinical trials. A thorough investigation on the scaling up of nanofiber technology is required, to make it widely available.

**Author Contributions:** S.M.S.S. & J.M. contributed equally in this manuscript. S.M.S.S., J.M., M.N.H., V.R., D.Y.L. & Y.-K.L. designed this review. M.N.H. & V.R. gathered research articles, and helped in drawing schemes and tables. D.Y.L. & Y.-K.L. supervised this project.

**Funding:** This research was supported by The Leading Human Resource Training Program of Regional Neo industry through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and future Planning (grant number) (NRF-2016H1D5A1910188) and (NRF-2018R1D1A1A09083269). Also, this research was partially supported by Creative Materials Discovery Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (NRF-2017M3D1A1039289). In addition, this study was partially supported by a grant from the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HI18C0453).

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
