*2.1. Research Question(s)*

We developed some research questions that were used as guides during the study to pursue the attainment of our objectives towards establishing the situation analysis of AMR in the Nigerian environment from food animals. What was the status of antimicrobial resistance in the food producing animals and the environment in Nigeria in the previous studies? What was the pattern of resistance among the classes of antimicrobials tested? What was the status of resistance among the common Nigerian antiseptics and disinfectants that sought to control pathogens at the environmental interface? What were the common organisms and their AMR resistance patterns studied in Nigeria to date?

## *2.2. Search Design*

We searched specific databases (Pub Med-NCBI, Google Scholar, Cabdirect, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and African Journals Online) and various institutional repository of Nigeria using broad terms, "antimicrobial, resistance, and Nigeria". Where necessary, search terms were stated as strings: Antimicrobial resistance OR Antibiotic resistance OR Antibiotic residue OR Antimicrobial susceptibility OR Antibiotic abuse OR Antibiotic misuse AND Nigeria AND animals; "animals" was substituted with environment and different animal names (poultry, goat, sheep, cattle, camel, pig, etc.). References in the identified materials were also searched and contacted. This effort yielded a broad list of 2393 studies from all sources by the contributors. After removing duplicates, we obtained 435 studies, which were screened to 235 studies by excluding studies conducted prior to the year, 2000, and those with Nigerian authors or affiliations, but focused on samples from outside Nigeria. Upon assessment, we obtained 139 publications and a further 80 were excluded to give 59 publications included in the review and analysis. Each publication was treated as a study, which contains single or multiple reports. The 80 studies excluded did not directly relate to the objectives or yielded information that could be subjected to organized peer review and data analysis. The 59 included studies were sorted into three categories of 42 antimicrobial resistance studies [14–55], 16 antimicrobial residue studies [56–71], and 1 antiseptic or disinfectants study [72]. The PRISMA-style flowchart was modified and used for this analytical review (Figure S1) [73].
