*3.1. Design*

Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the energy management system (EMS) used to control the hybrid power system in the test bed in accordance with load variations. In detail, the main parts of the test bed consist of MCFC system, energy storage system (ESS), diesel generator, load bank and EMS and electric power switching system (EPSS). In addition, the test bed was also optimally programmed to reliably synchronize hybrid power systems.

**Figure 2.** Basic outline of hybrid power systems for the test bed.

*3.2. Components of the Test Bed for Fuel Cell-Based Ship Hybrid Power Systems*

Figure 3 shows the arrangement of the fuel cell-based ship hybrid power system test bed.

**Figure 3.** Actual placement of the test bed.
