*2.11. Statistical Analysis*

We used the mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD) for all the results used in this study. All data were analyzed with an analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Dunnett's test for pair-wise comparisons and presented as mean ± SD of three or more independent experiments. Statistical significance was set at \* *p* < 0.05; \*\* *p* < 0.01; \*\*\* *p* < 0.001 when compared with untreated control cells, and # *p* < 0.05; ## *p* < 0.01; ### *p* < 0.001 when compared with the UVA-exposed HaCaT cells or α-MSH treated B16F10 cells.
