**3. Results**

### *3.1. 3D Printing of PCL Sca*ff*olds*

PCL scaffolds with six distinct designs, including one linear design (orthogonal) and five wavy designs in the form of a sinusoidal wave with varying amplitude (A) and wavelength (W) (A0.5W2, A0.5W3, A0.5W4, A0.75W4, and A1W4, where the numbers following A and W denote the actual values of A and W in mm) were printed (Table 1). Figure 2 shows the pictures, micro-CT images, and SEM images of the scaffolds. SEM images were used to measure the printed strut width and spacing between struts for each design, and the results are summarized in Table 1. Briefly, when all the designs were considered, the average strut width was within the range of 460 ± 58 to 533 ± 9 μm, and the spacing between struts (strut-to-strut distance) was within the range of 277 ± 59 to 395 ± 6 μm.

**Figure 2.** Images of the scaffolds. From the top to bottom row, images correspond to pictures (top view), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) images (top view), scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, and SEM cross-section images. Scale bars are 500 microns for pictures and micro-CT images and 1 mm for SEM images.
