*4.4. Cloning E*ffi*ciency*

Exponentially growing ADSCs were collected, counted, and reseeded onto 100-mm culture dishes at a density of 100 cells/dish. The cells were cultured for 10 days without changing a medium before fixation with ethanol. The fix cells were then stained with 3% Giemsa's solution for 15 min. The numbers of colonies consist of 50 cells or more were counted. Cloning efficiency was determined by dividing the number of colonies by the number of cells plated. Data obtained from three independent experiments were compiled.
